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Infectious Disease > Fungus > Flashcards

Fungus Flashcards

1
Q

What fungus can cause a pulmonary infection that resembles bacterial pneumonia?

A

Blastomycosis

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2
Q

What fungus can cause a pulmonary infection that resembles TB?

A

Histoplasmosis

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3
Q

Is Blastomycosis self-limiting?

A

Usually not

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4
Q

Can Histoplasmosis be self-limiting?

A

Yes

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5
Q

Healthy outdoor men get this. M:F ratio = 9:1

A

Blastomycosis

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6
Q

How do you contract blastomycosis?

A

Inhaling spores from soil

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7
Q

Etiology of Histoplastmosis

A

Inhaling soil that contains bird or bat droppings

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8
Q

SE and S Central US

A

Blastomycosis

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9
Q

Ohio and Mississippi River Valley

A

Hisoplasmosis

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10
Q

Tx for Histoplasmosis or Blastomycosis

A

Itroconazole or Amphotericin B (IV) if life threatening

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11
Q

How long does it take to Cx fungus?

A

6-8 weeks

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12
Q

Candida Albicans is?

A

Normal flora of vagina, intestines, mouth

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13
Q

Candidiasis etiology

A

Opportunistic overgrowth of normal candida albicans b/c competing flora has been eliminated

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14
Q

Dx Candida

A

KOH –> yeast / pseudohyphae on KOH

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15
Q

Tx Candida

A

Nystatin (topical), Itraconazole (systemic), Amphotericin B (powerful!)

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16
Q

Where does Cryptococcus disseminate?

A

CNS

17
Q

What does Cryptococcus cause?

A

Fungal Meningitis

18
Q

Where is Cryptococcus found?

A

soil; world wide

19
Q

Dx for Cryptococcus?

A

Gram stain CSF or blood using India Ink –> capsular polysaccharide antigen

20
Q

Tx for Cryptococcus?

A

Amphoterecin B

21
Q

Organism that causes Mucormycosis?

A

Rhizopus Oryzae

22
Q

Where is Mucormycosis found?

A

bread and fruit mold; world wide

23
Q

Most deadly of the fungal infections?

A

Mucormycosis (30-50% mortality)

24
Q

Where does mucormycosis invade?

A

Sinuses, orbits, lungs

25
Q

Dx for mucormycosis?

A

Biopsy w/histologic exam –> broad branching non-septate hyphae

26
Q

Tx for mucormycosis?

A

Remove necrotic tissue & Amphotericin B (IV)!

Infectious Disease (14 decks)

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