Chapter 20 - Petrochemicals and Polymers

Question 1

What are polymers?

Answer 1

Large molecules built up from many smaller molecules called monomers

Question 2

what are plastics made of?

Answer 2

Polymers

Question 3

What environmental issues do plastics contribute to?

Answer 3

Landfill disposals
Accumulation in oceans
Formtion of toxic gases

Question 4

Proteins

Answer 4

polyamides formed from amino acids with monomers

Question 5

how to name polymers

Answer 5

poly(monomer)
e.g. Poly(ethene)

Question 6

Polymers are made of?

Answer 6

Alkenes because of the double bonds

Question 7

what are condensation polymers

Answer 7

Polyesters

Question 8

Carboxylic acid + Alcohol

Answer 8

Polyester +water
(COO ester link remains in middle of polyester)

Question 9

Why is it called a condensation polymer?

Answer 9

Process forms water

Question 10

WHat is needed for condensation polymers AKA Polyesters

Answer 10

at least 2 functional groups from each monomer being bonded
2 Different functional groups overall
Small molecule given off in the process

Question 11

Polyesters are

Answer 11

mostly biodegradeable

Question 12

Refinery gas use

Answer 12

Heating and cooking

Question 13

Gasoline use

Answer 13

Car fuel

Question 14

Naphtha use

Answer 14

Chemical feedstock

Question 15

Paraffin( kerosene) use

Answer 15

Jet fuel

Question 16

Diesel oil use

Answer 16

fuel for diesel engines

Question 17

fuel oil use

Answer 17

Ships and heating systems

Question 18

Lubricating oil use

Answer 18

Lubricants , waxes, polishes

Question 19

Bitumen use

Answer 19

Surfacing roads