Statistical hypothesis testing 1: Introducing hypothesis testing Flashcards

1
Q

Describe hypothesis testing

A

uses data from a sample to test whether a statement about a whole population is believable or not

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2
Q

H0 and H1

A
  • H0 represents the null hypothesis
  • H1 represents the alternative hypothesis
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3
Q

Method for conducting a hypothesis test

A
  1. establish H0 and H1
  2. decide on the significance level
  3. use the data to find the test statistic
  4. calculate the p-value and compare with significance level
  5. if p-value < significance level reject H0, else don’t reject H0
  6. state a conclusion with reference to the context of the question
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4
Q

If the test statistic is small…

A

find the P(X<= test statistic)

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5
Q

If the test statistic is big…

A

find the P(X>= test statistic)

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6
Q

One tail test

A
  • test either the bottom end or top end of the tail
  • P > … or P < …
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7
Q

Two tail test

A
  • the significance level is halved and tested on both ends of the tail
  • P ≠ …
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8
Q

Hypothesis testing conclusion

A
  • There is / isn’t sufficient to reject H0
  • There is / isn’t sufficient evidence to suggest that … (refer back to context)
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