5 - GU benign radiology

Question 1

kidney size difference

Answer 1

L>R

Question 2

kidney height diff

Answer 2

L>R

Question 3

blood vessel order in kidney, peripheral to central

Answer 3

interlobular, arcuate (along peripheral pyramid), interlobar, segmental, ventral/dorsal, renal artery

Question 4

adrenal size infant vs adult

Answer 4

larger ininfants (adrenal stays same size).

Question 5

adrenal hyperplasia shape

Answer 5

keeps same shape, just thicker

Question 6

what does adrenal look like if kidney’s absent

Answer 6

looks discoid, not y-shape

Question 7

ct contrast timing

Answer 7

60-70 sec arterialphase with good cortical enhancement. 90-120 sec Nephrographic phase (homogenious kidney enhancement), starts at 3 mins excretory phase.

Question 8

multicystic dysplastic kidney due to?

Answer 8

arterial occlusion during development (theory)

Question 9

horseshoe kidney frequency

Answer 9

most comm fused excopia - 1/600

Question 10

column of bertin

Answer 10

abnormal protrusionof renal tissue into renal sinus fat. Looks like tumor. Actually septum of tissue. Commonly bilateral. Pict on pg 222

Question 11

% kidneys with miltiple renal arteries

Answer 11

30%

Question 12

2 major renal vein abnormalities

Answer 12

retroarotic and circumaortic

Question 13

nutcracker syndrome vessel features

Answer 13

renal vein - beak like point under SMA

Question 14

most common reason for renal vascular HTN

Answer 14

artherosclerosis

Question 15

ostial stenosis and transplant

Answer 15

can resect stenotic ostia and transplant

Question 16

2nd most common cause of renal vasc HTN

Answer 16

fibromuscular dysplasia, spec medial fibroplasia

Question 17

medial fiborplasia looks like what on imaging

Answer 17

beading along mid-distal artery and branches.

Question 18

where do renal artery aneurysms arise

Answer 18

branch points

Question 19

who gets renal artery aneurysm repaired

Answer 19

> 2 cm or planning to get pregnant

Question 20

AAST grading system 1-5

Answer 20

1- hematuria with neg imaging or subcapsular hematoma. 2 - < 1 cm lac. 3 - > 1 cm lac. 4 - deep lac into collecting system or renal A or V injury, 5. shattered kidney or hilar avulsion

Question 21

radiolucent stones - 4

Answer 21

struvite, matrix, urate, xanthine

Question 22

what does radiolucent actually mean

Answer 22

cant be seen on plain film, almost all stones can be seen on CT (except indinovir but not used now)

Question 23

stones and transplant

Answer 23

multiple stones = no donation. Single stone > 5 mm

Question 24

how to tell if UVJ stone has passed

Answer 24

place patient prone and do ct

Question 25

medullary nephrocalcinosis assd/ with what synromes - 3

Answer 25

hyperPTH, medullary sponge kidney, milk alkali syndrome

Question 26

RTA type 1 involves what part of kidney

Answer 26

distal tubule

Question 27

image of acute cortical necrosis

Answer 27

p 236

Question 28

lupus nephritis imaging findings - 4

Answer 28

bilat, swollen, poorly concentrating, poorly enhancing

Question 29

ddx for striated nephrogram on ct

Answer 29

lymphoma, pyelo, renal vein thrombosis, vasculitis

Question 30

myer weigert rule

Answer 30

upper pole obstruction, lower pole reflux