Valproic Acid 1

Question 1

Indications for use

Answer 1

To control seizures, mania

Question 2

MOA

Answer 2

enhancement of inhibitory neurotransmission and the modulation of voltage-gated ion channels

Increase synthesis of GABA by stimulating glutamic acid decarboxylase

Inhibits Ca channel in thalamus and enhance K flux

Question 3

Pharmacological effects

Answer 3

Anticonvulsant

Question 4

Overdose effects

Answer 4

somnolence, heart block, deep coma, and hypernatremia

Question 4

Pharmacokinetics (way of administration, metabolism, elimination, T1/2)

Answer 4

Oral, liver, urine (10 - 20h)

Question 5

Side effects

Answer 5

diplopia, dizziness, tremor, ataxia, rashes

Question 6

Contraindications for use

Answer 6

Severe liver dysfunction; severe pancreatic dysfunction; porphyria; hemorrhagic diathesis; severe thrombocytopenia; I trimester of pregnancy; lactation (breastfeeding); hypersensitivity to valproic acid.

Question 7

Drug interactions

Answer 7

Decrease effects on barbiturates

Question 8

Interactions with products (meal), drinks

Answer 8

2,3 t a day with meals

Question 9

Children

Answer 9

10 mg – 15 mg (more than 5 yo)

Question 10

Elderly patients

Answer 10

20mg / 500 – 750 mg day

Question 11

Pregnant women

Answer 11

high risk of neural tube, Category X

Question 12

Overdose treatment

Answer 12

Emergency care in a hospital should be as follows: gastric lavage, which is effective within 10–12 hours after taking the drug. To reduce the absorption of valproic acid, the administration of activated charcoal, including its administration through a nasogastric tube, may be effective.