thermodynamics Flashcards
what is specific heat capacity
the amount of energy required to change 1kg of a substance by 1k without changing its state
what is the equation for energy during a temperature change
∆E=mc∆θ
what is specific latent heat
the amount of energy required to change the state of 1kg of a substance without changing its temperature
what is the equation for energy during a state change
∆E=ml
what is specific latent heat of fusion
energy required in turning a solid to liquid
what is specific latent heat of vaporisation
energy required in turning a liquid to gas
what is internal energy
the sum of the randomly distributed potential and kinetic energy of all particles in a substance
what can cause an increase in total internal energy
a rise in temperature as it increases the average kinetic energy
what unit for temperature should be used in thermodynamics
kelvin
how to convert Celsius to kelvin
+273
what are the kinetic theory assumptions
-the motion of molecules is random
-collisions between molecules are elastic
-time taken during a collision is negligible compared to time between
-molecules move in a straight line at a constant speed
-all particles are identical (same mass and volume)
-intermolecular forces are negligible
Boyles law
links pressure to volume, they are inversely proportional
Charles’ law
links volume to temperature, they are directly proportional
pressure law
links temperature and pressure, directly proportional
ideal gas law
combination of Boyles, Charles and the pressure law, linking temperature, volume and pressure
constant=pV/T