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MT 6312 > Unit 4 LEC: NUTRITION AND PUBLIC HEALTH > Flashcards

Unit 4 LEC: NUTRITION AND PUBLIC HEALTH Flashcards

1
Q

Nutrition is essential for life, encompassing
________ and _________ aspects of accessing
necessary substrates and cofactors.

A

Biological ; Sociological

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2
Q

substances made from iodine; controls the metabolic functions such as temperature regulation

A

thyroid hormone

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3
Q

main component found in hemoglobin

A

iron

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4
Q

Vitamin A is important in the _______ system

A

immune

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5
Q

focuses on promoting and protecting health, preventing illness, and prolonging life through organized societal efforts

A

Public health nutrition

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6
Q

manifests as micronutrient
deficiencies, wasting, and stunting in childhood and
nutrition-related chronic diseases in adulthood

A

Undernutrition

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7
Q

Examples are obesity, type
2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and common
cancers

A

Nutrition-related chronic diseases

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8
Q

Function 1: The a________, s_________ and d_________ of
knowledge relating nutrition to health and
disease;

A

acquisition; synthesis; dissemination

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9
Q

Function 2: S_______ p________ to detect potential nutritional problems across the life course among the population, and to monitor

A

Surveillance programmes

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10
Q

Function 3: To m________ c______; evidence-informed policy development and implementation

A

monitor change

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11
Q

Professional nutritional practice requires t______ and e________ to apply nutrient requirements in
clinical and public health settings.

A

training; experience

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12
Q

They play a significant role in addressing undernutrition and chronic diseases globally.

A

Nutritionists

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13
Q

As societies undergo n_________ t__________, there is a rising burden of nutrition-related chronic diseases in less economically developed countries.

A

nutritional transition

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14
Q

are vital for promoting well-being and reducing the burden of nutrition-related diseases

A

Public health nutrition interventions

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15
Q

Understanding the body’s n_______ d_______ and
how different foods meet them is essential for
formulating effective nutrition policies.

A

nutritional demands

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16
Q

N_______ s______ applied to policy-making ensures a coherent response to maintain a healthy food supply during disruptions.

A

Nutrition science

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17
Q

Nutritional status indicator that covers body composition, BMI, arm circumference, and waist-hip ratio

A

Long-term

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18
Q

Nutritional status indicator that covers energy and nutrient balance, number of meals and servings, and refusal to eat

A

Short-term

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19
Q

Nutritional status indicator that covers biochemical parameters and functional parameters

A

Intermediate

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20
Q

Poor nutrition in the first _____ days of children’s lives can have irreversible consequences.

A

1,000

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21
Q

a severely stunted child faces a ____ times higher risk of dying, and a severely wasted child is at a ____ times higher risk.

A

4; 9

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22
Q

Under-nutrition can cause various diseases such as
blindness due to

A

Vitamin A deficiency

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23
Q

Under-nutrition can cause various diseases such as
neural tube defects due to

A

Folic acid deficiency

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24
Q

inadequate length/height for age

A

Stunting

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25
Q

inadequate weight for height

A

Wasting

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26
Q

inadequate weight for age

A

underweight

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27
Q

The circumference of the child’s upper arm half way between their shoulder and elbow

A

Mid Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC)

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28
Q

indication of acute malnutrition independent of the child’s age

A

Mid Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC)

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29
Q

If the child’s arm is less than _____cm in circumference, she is severely malnourished

A

11.5cm

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30
Q

If the child’s arm is between ____ and ____ cm in circumference, she is moderately malnourished.

A

11.5 and 12.5cm

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31
Q

Indicated MUAC values of 11.5 to 12.5 are appropriate for children from ___ to ____ months

A

6; 60

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32
Q

Anthropomorphic measurement

A

Weight-for-Length Reference Card

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33
Q

When assessing weight-for-height, infants and children ______ 24 months of age should have their lengths measured lying down (supine).

A

under

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34
Q

Children _____ 24 months of age should have their heights measured while standing

A

over

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35
Q

Infants and children under
____ cm can be measured lying down (or supine) and
those above ___cm standing.

A

87

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36
Q

the number of standard deviations (SD)
below or above the reference median value

A

z-score

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37
Q

reflects chronic under-nutrition during the
most critical periods of growth and development in
early life

A

Stunting

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38
Q

composite form of under-nutrition that includes elements of stunting and wasting.

A

Underweight

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39
Q

reflects acute under-nutrition

A

Wasting

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40
Q

Standards for child nutrition

A

WHO Child Growth Standards

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41
Q

SAM in children aged 6-60 months

A

WFH < -3SD
MUAC < 11.5cm
Bilateral oedema due to loss of albumin

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42
Q

weight for height is
above two standard deviations or above three standard deviations

A

Overweight

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43
Q

Low birth weight is defined as a weight of less than ______ grams at birth

A

2,500

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44
Q

relies on the identification of the causes of disease

A

Primary prevention

45
Q

Components of PHN

A

Health protection
Health promotion
Healthcare services

46
Q

Prevention approaches for optimal health

A

Personal prevention
Community-based prevention
System-based prevention

47
Q

where food intake is written down, and calories and nutrients are monitored for good nutrition

A

Food Diary

48
Q

Individuals with a vegetarian diet are usually low in _____

A

iron

49
Q

Meaning of PEM

A

Protein Energy Malnutrition

50
Q

a collaboration among personnel representing different disciplines of public health workers (nurses, social workers, physicians, daycare
workers, dietitians, and dietetic technicians)

A

interdisciplinary team

51
Q

Channeling f____ and e_____ to problems that affect the lives of the largest numbers of people in a community

A

funds; energy

52
Q

is the assurance/guarantee that food will not cause
harm to the consumers when it is prepared and/or
eaten according to its intended use

A

Food Safety

53
Q

is a group of illness caused by any infectious
(bacteria, viruses and parasites) and non-infectious
agents (chemical, animal and plant toxins)

A

Food and Water-borne diseases

54
Q

Fungi in peanuts

A

Alfatoxin

55
Q

4 levels in the social determinants of health

A

individual, micro, meso, macro

56
Q

biggest portion in the social determinants of health; shows how the government regulates nutrition via laws

A

Macro

57
Q

part in the social determinants of health; involves what the people want in their diet and what they consider ‘normal’

A

Psychosocial and Cultural determinants

58
Q

exists when all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences

A

Food Security

59
Q

Four pillars of food security

A

Availability
Accessibility
Utilization
Stability

60
Q

main headquarter for research on rice

A

International Rice Research Institute (IRRI)

61
Q

○ Domestic production
○ Import capacity
○ Food stocks
○ Food aid

A

Availability

62
Q

○ Income, purchasing power, own production
○ Transport and market infrastructure
○ Food distribution

A

Accessibility

63
Q

○ Food safety and quality
○ Clean water
○ Health and sanitation
○ Care, feeding and health seeking practices

A

Utilization

64
Q

○ Weather variability, seasonality
○ Price fluctuations
○ Political factors
○ Economic factors

A

Stability

65
Q

long-term or persistent food insecurity

A

Chronic Food Insecurity

66
Q

short term and temporary food insecurity

A

Transitory Food Insecurity

67
Q

falls between chronic and transitory food insecurity

A

Seasonal Food Security

68
Q

occurs when there is a cyclical pattern of inadequate availability and access to food

A

Seasonal Food Security

69
Q

_________ analysis suggests two main intervention options:
○ Reduce the degree of exposure to the hazard
○ Increase the ability to cope

A

Vulnerability

70
Q

Meaning of 4Ps

A

Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program

71
Q

T/F: All hungry people are food insecure, but not all food insecure people are hungry.

A

T

72
Q

results from deficiencies, excesses or
imbalances in the consumption of macro- and/or
micronutrients.

A

Malnutrition

73
Q

cause of hunger, lack of
adequate and proper nutrition

A

Poverty

74
Q

“________ encompasses different dimensions of
deprivation that relate to human capabilities
including consumption and food security, health
education, rights, voice, security, dignity and
decent work.”

A

Poverty

75
Q

record all food and beverages immediately before or after they are consumed

A

Dietary Records

76
Q

Measurement of nutrient intake

A

Dietary Assessment

77
Q

recalls actual food and beverage
consumption for the past 24 hr or the preceding day

A

24-Dietary Recall

78
Q

for assessment of usual
meal patterns and details of food intake of an
individual

A

Diet History

79
Q

a preprinted list of foods on which subjects are asked to estimate the frequency and
very often also the amount of habitual consumption
during a specified period

A

Food Frequency Questionnaire

80
Q

biochemical indicators
measured in biological specimens

A

Biomarkers of intake

81
Q

Monitors the progress of improvements
in the country with the money borrowed from them

A

World Bank

82
Q

created as the
country’s policy-making and coordinating body on
nutrition

A

National Nutrition Council

83
Q

Nutrition Month

A

July

84
Q

PD that established the National Nutrition Council

A

PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 491 (1974) - NUTRITION ACT OF THE PHILIPPINES

85
Q

Code that informs the public about the proper use of breastmilk substitutes and
supplements and related products

A

EXECUTIVE ORDER 51 (1986) - MILK CODE

86
Q

designed to prevent businesses that engage in fraud or specified unfair practices; Nutrition Facts labels

A

REPUBLIC ACT 7394 (1992) - “CONSUMER ACT OF THE PHILIPPINES”

87
Q

to encourage the practice of breastfeeding

A

REPUBLIC ACT 7600 (1992) - “THE ROOMING-IN AND BREASTFEEDING ACT”

88
Q

Contribute to the elimination of the micronutrient
malnutrition in the country, particularly iodine
deficiency disorders, through cost-effective preventive measure of salt iodization

A

REPUBLIC ACT 8172 (1995) - “ACT FOR SALT IODIZATION NATIONWIDE (ASIN LAW)

89
Q

Goiter is caused by _____ deficiency

A

iodine

90
Q

The program shall consist of (1) Voluntary Food Fortification and (2) Mandatory Food Fortification.

A

REPUBLIC ACT 8976 (2000) - “FOOD FORTIFICATION ACT”

91
Q

Meaning of SPSP

A

Sangkap Pinoy Seal Program

92
Q

The National Food Fortification Day is observed
annually on ____________, pursuant to EO _____.

A

November 7; 382

93
Q

responsible for the
implementation and monitoring of the law

A

Department of Health (DOH)

94
Q

serves as the policy-making body, particularly relative to
determining what food vehicles should be fortified and with what nutrients

A

National Nutrition Council

95
Q

assists manufacturers in upgrading their
technologies by providing financial assistance
and other non-monetary assistance

A

Department of Trade and Industry

96
Q

helps in developing and implementing
comprehensive programs for the acquisition,
design, and manufacture of machines and
technologies and their transfer to manufacturers

A

Department of Science and Technology

97
Q

assist manufacturers by
providing preferential loans at preferential rates

A

Land Bank of the Philippines and Livelihood Corporation

98
Q

An act strengthening and rationalizing the regulatory
capacity of the bureau of food and drugs BFAD by
establishing adequate testing laboratories and field
offices.

A

REPUBLIC ACT 9711 (2008) - “FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION ACT”

99
Q

An act expanding the promotion of breastfeeding,
amending for the purpose republic act no. 7600; lactation stations

A

REPUBLIC ACT 10028 (2009) - “EXPANDED BREASTFEEDING PROMOTION ACT”

100
Q

The framework
for implementing the farm to fork Food Safety
Regulatory System;
To strengthen the food safety regulatory system in
the country

A

REPUBLIC ACT 10611 (2013) - “FOOD SAFETY ACT”

101
Q

a yearly campaign in the Philippines aimed at the importance of safe
and clean food. The week-long celebration falls every October and was proclaimed on August 1999 by virtue of Proclamation No. 160, signed by President Joseph Estrada

A

Food Safety Awareness Week

102
Q

Recognizes the important role of registered
nutritionist-dietitians (RNDs) in nation building and
in human development through adequate nutrition

A

REPUBLIC ACT 10862 (2015) - “NUTRITION AND DIETETICS LAW OF 2016”

103
Q

Strengthens the national and local health and
nutrition programs for pregnant and lactating
women, adolescent girls, infants and young children
in the first 1,000 days
“Scaling up”

A

REPUBLIC ACT 11148 (2018) - “KALUSUGAN AT NUTRISYON NG MAG-NANAY ACT”

104
Q

seeks to impose a
PhP10. 00 excise tax per liter of volume capacity on
SSBs containing purely locally produced sugar and
PhP20;
Excise tax on sweetened beverages (SBs)

A

TRAIN LAW AND TAX ON SUGAR

105
Q

aims to provide guidance to nutrition stakeholders
at the national and local levels, including
government agencies, development partners,
nongovernment organizations and civil society,
academe, and other partner organizations and
institutions on the conduct of high-impact activities
and strategies

A

Strategic Plan of the Philippine Plan of Action for Nutrition (PPAN) Research Agenda 2022-2028

106
Q

Meaning of PPAN

A

Philippine Plan of Action for Nutrition

107
Q

uses a food plate model to
show the recommended proportion of each food
group in each meal for the various population and
physiological groups

A

Pinggang Pinoy

108
Q

Created Pinggang Pinoy

A

FNRI-DOST

MT 6312 (8 decks)

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