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ANATOMY HEAD AND NECK > VAGUS NERVE (X)-THE LARYNX > Flashcards

VAGUS NERVE (X)-THE LARYNX Flashcards

1
Q

The larynx extends from the … to the …

A

SUPERIOR MARGIN OF THE EPIGLOTTIS, C6 (CRICOID CARTILAGE)

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2
Q

The origin of the laryngeal inlet/orifice and the laryngeal mucosa is the…

A

RESPIRATORY DIVERTICULUM

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3
Q

The … is an evagination of the endoderm of the GI tract

A

MUCOSA OF THE LARYNX

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4
Q

CNCCs of pharyngeal arches 4 and 6 will give rise to the … of the larynx

A

CARTILAGE

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5
Q

Somitomeres in arches 4 and 6 will give rise to the … which will move the larynx

A

SKELETAL MUSCLE
(As the vagus nerve is related to this musculature, it innervates it).

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6
Q
A

LARYNGEAL INLET

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7
Q
A
  1. Epiglottis
    2.Hyoid bone
  2. Thyrohyoid membrane
  3. Thyroid cartilage
  4. Cricoid cartilage
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8
Q

What form the Adam’s Apple (la nuez)?

A

The laryngeal prominence

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9
Q

The epiglottis is derived from the … PA

A

4th

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10
Q

Name the following cartilages of the larynx

A
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11
Q

The arytenoid cartilages are derived from the … PA

A

6th

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12
Q

The arytenoid cartilages have … for the vocal ligaments to attach and … for the vocal is muscle to attach

A

VOCAL PROCESSES, MUSCULAR PROCESSES

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13
Q

Name the extrinsic ligaments of the larynx

A
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14
Q

Name the intrinsic ligaments of the larynx

A
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15
Q

The… attaches to the vestibular fossa and forms the FALSE VOCAL CORDS
The … form the TRUE VOCAL CORDS

A

Vestibular ligaments
Vocal ligaments

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16
Q

Ligaments lined by mucosa are known as…

A

FOLDS

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17
Q

Which two joints do we find in the larynx?

A
  • CRICOTHYROID JOINT (synovial joint-arthrodia): the thyroid cartilage is moved forward and the vocal ligament stretches.
  • CRYCOARYTENOID JOINT (synovial joint-modified trochoid joint which rotates): arytenoid cartilages rotate and the space between the two vocal ligaments (RIMA GLOTTIDIS) opens and closes.
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18
Q

Name the muscle and its function

A

CRYCOTHIROID MUSCLE: it moves the thyroid over the cricoid cartilage (it increases the tension of the vocal cords=higher pitch)

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19
Q

Name the muscles and their functions

A
  1. Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle: opens (abducts) the rima glottidis
  2. Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle: closes (adducts) rima glottidis
  3. Transverse arytenoid muscle: closes rima glottidis
  4. Thyroarytenoid muscle: relaxes the vocal cords
  5. Vocalists muscle: relaxes the vocal cords
20
Q

Which muscles modify the diameters of the laryngeal inlet and vestibule?

A

Oblique arytenoid (1), aryepiglottic (2) and thyroepiglottic (3)

21
Q
A
22
Q
A
23
Q
A
24
Q

Extrinsic muscles larynx

A
25
Q

In deglutition, the … moves posteriorly and inferiorly, sealing the entry; the … will close and cover the vocal folds.

A

EPIGLOTTIS, VESTIBULAR FOLDS

26
Q

The vagus nerve exits through the … along with the CN IX and XI.

A

JUGULAR FORAMEN

27
Q

The vagus nerve gives off the … which is mainly sensitive and has 2 branches:
- … which gathers sensory information about the mucosa of the laryngeal vestibule.
- …. which is a motor branch that only innervates the CRICOTHYROID MUSCLE.

A

SUPERIOR LARYNGEAL NERVE
- INTERNAL LARYNGEAL NERVE
- EXTERNAL LARYNGEAL NERVE

28
Q

When the … is sectioned during surgery, there is paralysis of the vocal cords and disphonia.

A

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

29
Q

The …. carries … that innervate the rest of all the laryngeal muscles and also carries….for the infraglottic space.

A

RECURRENT LARYNGEAL NERVE, MOTOR FIBERS, SENSORY FIBERS.

30
Q

If a person gets something stuck in the mucosa of the pharynx and it is in the … the surgeon needs to be careful and remember that behind there is the…

A

PIRIFORM RECESS, LARYNGEAL NERVE

31
Q

Vascularization of the larynx

A
  1. Superior laryngeal artery
  2. Inferior laryngeal artery
32
Q

The … pierces the thyrohyoid membrane along with the internal laryngeal nerve.

A

SUPERIOR LARYNGEAL ARTERY

33
Q
A
  1. Cricothyrotomy
  2. Tracheostomy
34
Q

The larynx is a fibromembranous tube within a cartilaginous frame connected with the naso- and oropharynx. It has an sphincter that closes the airway for phonation, the vocal cords. Opening and closing depends on the …

A

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

35
Q

An emergency airway can be opened when a laryngeal obstruction occurs through the cricothyroid ligament, or through the tracheal ligaments between tracheal rings ….

A

1 to 4

36
Q

The muscle that contributes the most to the position of the vocal cords during breathing is …

A

posterior cricoarytenoid m

37
Q

The larynx extends approximately from the vertebral level C3 to C6 (T/F)

A

True

38
Q

The vocal ligaments are thickenings of the free margin of the …

A

cricothyroid or cricovocal membrane

39
Q

The infrahyoid muscles derive from the 4th & 6th pharyngeal arches and are innervated by the ansa cervicalis (T/F)

A

False

40
Q

The vestibular folds are the true vocal cords (T/F)

A

False

41
Q

Indicate the INCORRECT statement regarding the superior laryngeal pedicle (artery, vein and nerve):

  • it provides sensory innervation to the laryngeal vestibule
  • The artery is a branch of the inferior thyroid artery
  • all elements pass through a foramen in the thyrohyoid membrane towards the larynx
  • it courses deep to the mucosa of the pirifo
A

The artery is a branch of the inferior thyroid artery

42
Q

The structure located between A and B is the

A
43
Q

Identify each of the structures labeled in the image below:

A

A. Laryngeal vestibule
B. Vestibular fold
C. Vocal fold
D. Epiglottis
E. Thyroid cartilage
F. Cricoid cartilage

44
Q

The external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve innervates the … muscle

A

cricothyroid

45
Q

Which nerve is responsible for opening and closing the rima glottidis?

A

recurrent laryngeal n

46
Q

Which of the following muscles does not act modifying the diameters of the laryngeal vestibule?

A

lateral cricoarytenoid

47
Q

Identify the area pointed at by the arrows

A

laryngopharynx

ANATOMY HEAD AND NECK (9 decks)

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