chromosomes and mitosis

Question 1

genetic material form

Answer 1

the nucleus contains your genetic material in the form of chromosomes

Question 2

what are chromosomes

Answer 2

coiled up lengths of DNA molecules

Question 3

what do chromosomes carry

Answer 3

a large number of genes. different genes control the development of different characteristics, e.g. hair colour

Question 4

how many copies of each chromosome do body cells have

Answer 4

usually 2 copies of each. one from the mother and one from the father.
so humans have 2 copies of the mothers chromosome and 2 copies of the fathers chromosome

Question 5

cell cycle

Answer 5

body cells in multicellular organisms divide to produce new cells

Question 6

mitosis

Answer 6

the stage of the cell cycle where the cell divides

Question 7

what is mitosis used for

Answer 7

to grow or replace cells that have been damaged

Question 8

what does the end of the cell cycle result in

Answer 8

two new cells identical to the original cell, with the same number of chromosomes

Question 9

growth & DNA replication stage

Answer 9

• in a cell thats not dividing, DNA is spread out into
  long strings
• before dividing, the cell has to grow and increase
  the amount of subcellular structures
• duplicates the DNA so theres one copy for each
  new cell.
• DNA is copied and forms X-shaped chromosomes.
• each arm of the chromosome is an exact duplicate
  of the other

Question 10

mitosis stage

Answer 10

• once the DNA has been copied, the cell is ready
  for mitosis
• chromosomes line up in the centre of the cell and
  cell fibres pull them apart
• the two arms of each chromosome go to opposite
  ends of the cell
• membranes form around each of the sets of
  chromosomes. these become nuclei of the 2 new
  cells - the nucleus has divided
• lastly, the cytoplasm and cell membrane divide