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2nd Year 2nd Term > MT6312 LEC MCH AND NUTRITION > Flashcards

MT6312 LEC MCH AND NUTRITION Flashcards

1
Q

Family Health Program consists of?

A

Prevention and Control of Non- communicable Diseases (NDCs)

Prevention and control of Communicable disease

Environmental Health and Sanitation

Other priority health
programs

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2
Q

works with local public health departments, community based organizations, statewide organizations and other providers to provide and/or assure quality health services are delivered to mothers, children, and families in the country.

A

WHO Philippines MCH Program

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3
Q

The primary areas of work focus for WHO MCH are?

A
  • Increasing healthy birth outcomes;
  • Promoting and assuring comprehensive primary care
    for children, from birth to 21 year olds, including children with special health care needs;
  • Promoting healthy lifestyles among school-age youth, ages 6-21, including children with special health care
    needs;
  • Promoting access to safe, healthy child care, including children with special health care needs; and
    *Caring for the mother from pre-conception
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4
Q

Main cause of Maternal Mortality?

A

Complications related to pregnancy occurring in the course of labor, deliver, puerperium

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5
Q

Objective of MCH

A

To improve the survival, health and wel being of mothers and unborn child.

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6
Q

MATERNAL HEALTH SERVICES include?

A

Antenatal Registration

Tetanus Toxoid Immunization

Micronutrient Supplementation

Treatment of diseases and other conditions

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7
Q

Which MCH Service: pregnant women can avail the free prenatal services at their respective health center.

A

Antenatal Registration

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8
Q

Which MCH Service: Vitamin A and Iron supplement for the prevention of anemia and Vit. A deficiency.

A

Micronutrient Supplementation

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9
Q

How many doses of tetanus toxoid vaccination should the pregnant woman take how long before delivery and after childbirth?

A

2 doses 1 month before

3 boosters after

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10
Q

What period of pregnancy should the first visit be?

A

As early as possible
before 4 months or during 1st trimester

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11
Q

When should the 2nd visit for pregnancy check up be?

A

During the second trimester

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12
Q

When should the 3rd visit for pregnancy check up be?

A

During the third trimester

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13
Q

How often should the pregnancy check up visits be 8 months until conception?

A

every 2 weeks

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14
Q

What kind of Tetanus toxoid should be given as early as possible during pregnancy?

A

TT1

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15
Q

What kind of Tetanus toxoid should be given at least 4 weeks after pregnancy?

A

TT2

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16
Q

What kind of Tetanus toxoid should be given at least 6 months after pregnancy?

A

TT3

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17
Q

What kind of Tetanus toxoid should be given at least 1year after pregnancy?

A

TT4 AND TT5

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18
Q

Which TT vaccine: Gives lifelong protection

A

TT5

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19
Q

Which TT vaccine: Gives 10yrs protection

A

TT4

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20
Q

Which TT vaccine: Gives 5 yrs protection

A

TT3

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21
Q

Which TT vaccine: Gives 3yrs protection

A

TT2

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22
Q

Family planning is anchored on what basic principles?

A

Responsible Parenthood

Responsible Parenting

Respect for Life.

Birth Spacing

Informed Choice

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23
Q

What means that each family has the right and duty to determine the desired number of children they might have and when they might have them?

A

Responsible parenthood

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24
Q

What is referred to as the proper upbringing and education of children?

A

Responsible parenting

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25
Q

What states that the government protects the sanctity of life?

A

1987 Constitution

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26
Q

T or F: Abortion is permissible in family planning

A

F

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27
Q

Referred to as the interval between pregnancies

A

Birth spacing

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28
Q

Birth spacing allows women to?

A

recover their health improves potential to be more productive and to realize their personal aspirations allows more time to care for children and spouse/husband

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29
Q

Upholding and ensuring the rights of couples to determine the number and spacing of their children
according to their life’s aspirations and reminding couples that planning size of their families have a direct bearing on the quality of their childrens’ and their own lives

A

Informed Choice

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30
Q

In 2003, there are about ____ Filipinos to grow annually at ____ and expected to double in ____ years

A

84 million

2.36 percent

29 years.

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31
Q

The total fertility rate is at ___children/ women

A

3.5

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32
Q

___ of women got pregnant with their first child at the age of ___

A

44%

20-24.

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33
Q

T or F: More married women do not use contraceptive

A

T

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34
Q

Family Planning Program goal?

A

provide universal access to family planning information and services wherever and whenever

aims to contribute to Reduce neonatal, infant, under-five and maternal deaths.

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35
Q

Objectives of Family Planning Program?

A

help couples and individuals achieve their desired family size within the context of responsible parenthood and to improve their reproductive health to attain sustainable growth.

Ensure that quality FP services are available in DOH retained hospitals, LGU managed health facilities and private sector.

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36
Q

Artificial FP types

A

Condoms
Oral Contraceptive Pills
Injectables
Intrauterine Device

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37
Q

Natural types of Family Planning

A
  • Standard Days Method
  • Lactational
    Amennorhea Method
  • Basal Body Temperature
  • Billings Ovulation/Cervical Mucus Method
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38
Q

Permanent FP types

A

Vasectomy
Bilateral Tubal Ligation

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39
Q

Who are the constituents of the vulnerable age group for common childhood diseases?

A

Newborns, infants and children

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40
Q

Child health programs services/facilities include?

A
  • Newborn Screening (NBS)
  • Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI)
  • Management of Childhood Illnesses
  • Micronutrient Supplementation
  • Dental Health
  • Early Child Development
  • Child Health Injuries
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41
Q

Goal of the Child health programs is to?

A

Reduce morbidity and mortality rates for children 0 - 9 years with the strategies necessary for program

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42
Q

Good nutrition in the early months/years of life plays a very significant role, affecting not only the health and survival of infants and children but also their?

A

intellectual and
social development, resulting in life-long impact on school performance and overall productivity.

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43
Q

What is an important factor
that can prevent infant and childhood morbidity and mortality?

A

Breastfeeding, especially exclusive breastfeeding

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44
Q

____,____,____ and _____ complementary feeding wil prevent childhood malnutrition.

A

Timely, adequate, safe and proper

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45
Q

Importance of breast feeding?

A

Exclusive breast feeding is giving only breast milk to infants.

This is recommended up to 6 months

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46
Q

Benefits of breastfeeding to the infant?

A
  • Complete food
  • Strengthen immune
    system = preventing infections
  • Increases IQ points
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47
Q

Benefits of breastfeeding to the mother?

A
  • Reduces excessive
    blood loss after birth
  • Natural method of
    delaying pregnancies * Reduces the risk of
    ovarian and breast cancers
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48
Q

What are the laws that protect infant
and young child feeding?

A

Milk code (EO 51)
Rooming-In Breastfeeding Act of 1992 (RA 7600)
Food Fortification Law (RA 8976)

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49
Q

Products covered by milk code consist of?

A

breast milk substitute

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50
Q

Food fortification law is vital in the _______ and to compensate for the _________.

A

promotion of optimal health

loss of nutrients during processing and storage of food

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51
Q

The law (RA8976) requires a mandatory food fortification of?

A

staple foods - rice, flour, edible oil, and sugar and voluntary food fortification of processed food and food products.
(Vitamin A, Iron, lodine)

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52
Q

“the addition of one or more essential nutrients to food, whether or not it is normally contained in the food, for the purpose of preventing or correcting a demonstrated deficiency of one or more nutrients in the population or specific population groups”

A

Fortification

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53
Q

RA 9288 Title is?

A

Newborn screening act of 2004

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54
Q

Newborn screening is ideally done on the ______ of life. However, it may also be done after _____ from
birth.

A

48th - 72nd hour

24 hours

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55
Q

DISORDERS TESTED FOR NEWBORN SCREENING are?

A
  • CH (Congenital Hypothyroidism)
  • CAH (Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia) * GAL (Galactosemia)
  • PKU (Phenylketonuria)
  • G6PD (Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase)
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56
Q

What Newborn disorder: results from lack or absence of thyroid hormone
which is essential for the physical and mental development of a child.

A

CH

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57
Q

What newborn disorder: endocrine disorder that causes severe salt loss, dehydration and abnormally high levels of male sex hormones in both boys and girls. If not detected and treated early, babies with may die within 7-14 days.

A

CAH

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58
Q

What newborn disease: condition in which babies are unable to process galactose, the sugar present in milk.

A

GAL

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59
Q

Accumulation of excessive galactose in the body can cause many problems, including?

A

liver damage, brain damage and cataracts.

60
Q

PKU is when there is an excessive accumulation of ____ in the ____

A

Phenylalanine
Brain

61
Q

Babies with G6PD may have ______ resulting from exposure to ________ found in drugs, foods, chemicals

A

Hemolytic anemia
Oxidative substances

62
Q

Effect of CH if not screened

A

Severe mental retardation

63
Q

Effect of CAH if not screened

A

Death

64
Q

Effect of GAL if not screened

A

Death, cataracts

65
Q

Effect of PKU if not screened

A

Severe mental retardation

66
Q

Effect of G6PD Deficiency if not screened

A

Severe anemia, Kernicterus

67
Q

The EPI was launched on _____ by the ____ in cooperation with ____ and _____

A

July 1976

DOH

WHO and UNICEF.

68
Q

Objective of EPI

A

to reduce the
morbidity and mortality among infants and
children caused by the seven childhood diseases.

69
Q

Every ______ is designated as immunization day in al parts of the country.

A

Wednesday

70
Q

A fully immunized child has which doses?

A

receives one dose of BCG, 3 doses of OPV, DPT, HB and one dose measles vaccine before the child’s 1st year

71
Q

Mandatory Immunization
Infants and Children Health Act of
2011

A

Republic Act No. 10152

72
Q

RA 10152 signed by who and when?

A

President Benigno Aquino Il on July 26, 2010.

73
Q

RA 10152 requires the immunization of?

A

Children under 5

74
Q

Four major strategies of EPI

A
  • Sustaining high routine FIC coverage of at least 90%
  • Sustaining polio free country for global certification
  • Eliminating measles by 2008
  • Eliminating neonatal tetanus by 2008
75
Q

is the process by
which vaccines are introduced into the body before injection sets in.

A

Immunization

76
Q

Live vaccines like BCG must not be given to who?

A

individuals who are
immunosuppressed due to malignant disease, therapy with immunosuppressive agents or irradiation.

77
Q

___ and ____ are contraindicated to a child who has had convulsion or shock within 3 days the previous dose.

A

DPT2 and DPT3

78
Q

Repeat BCG vaccination if the child ________.

A

does not develop a scar after the first injection.

79
Q

How many doses for BCG vaccine?

A

1

80
Q

BCG protect the infant from?

A

possibility of BT meningitis & other TB infections

81
Q

DPT reason for inoculation?

A

Reduces the chance of pertussis

82
Q

What vaccine gives protection from Polio?

A

OPV

83
Q

What vaccine reduces the chance of being infected and becoming a carrier of this disease?

A

Hepa B

84
Q

Which vaccines are sensitive to heat?

A

Oral Polio (live attenuated)

Measles (Freeze dried)

85
Q

Storage temperature of Oral polio and measles vaccine?

A

-15 to -25C in freezer

86
Q

Least sensitive to heat (vaccines)?

A

DPT/Hep B
Hepatitis B BCG (freeze dried)
Tetanus Toxoid

87
Q

Storage temperature for DPT/HepB, HepB. BCG, Tetanus vaccines?

A

+2 to +8C in the refrigerator

88
Q

Route of entry of OPV vaccine?

A

Oral

89
Q

Route of entry of Measles vaccine?

A

Subcutaneous

90
Q

Where is TTD administered?

A

Deltoid

91
Q

Where is BCG administered?

A

Right deltoid

92
Q

______ continues to be a public health
concerns in
the country.

A

Malnutrition

93
Q

The common nutritional deficiencies are?

A

Vitamin A, Iron and lodine.

94
Q

Goal of nutritional programs?

A

improve quality of life of Filipinos
through better nutrition, improved health and increased productivity.

95
Q

Programs and projects for nutrition programs include?

A

Micronutrient
supplementation, food fortification, nutrition information, communication and education, home, school and community food production
and food assistance.

96
Q

Dental Health Objectives include?

A
  • The prevalence of dental caries is reduced
  • The prevalence of periodontal disease is reduced
  • Dental caries experience is reduced
  • The proportion of Orally Fit Children (OFC) 12-71 months is increased
97
Q

NUTRITION ACT OF THE PHILIPPINES

A

PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 491(1974)

98
Q

“NATIONAL CODE OF MARKETING OF BREASTMILK SUBSTITUTES, BREASTMILK SUPPLEMENTS AND OTHER RELATED PRODUCTS”.

A

EXECUTIVE ORDER 51 (1986)

99
Q

“CONSUMER ACT OF THE PHILIPPINES”

A

REPUBLIC ACT 7394 (1992)

100
Q

“ACT FOR SALT IODIZATION NATIONWIDE (ASIN LAW)

A

REPUBLIC ACT 8172 (1995)

101
Q

The National Food Fortification Day is observed _______, pursuant to _____

A

annually on November 7

Executive Order 382

102
Q

The key agencies in the program of food fortification?

A

DOH
National Nutrition Council
DTI
DOST
Landbank of the PH and Livelihood Corportation

103
Q

“FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION ACT”

A

REPUBLIC ACT 9711 (2008)

104
Q

“EXPANDED BREASTFEEDING PROMOTION ACT”

A

REPUBLIC ACT 10028 (2009)

105
Q

“FOOD SAFETY ACT”

A

REPUBLIC ACT 10611 (2013)

106
Q

yearly campaign in the Philippines aimed at the importance of safe and clean food.

A

Food Safety Awareness Week

107
Q

Every when does Food Safety Awareness Week fall on?

A

October

108
Q

When was Food Safety Awareness Week proclaimed, where and by whom?

A

proclaimed on August 1999 by virtue of Proclamation No. 160, signed by President Joseph Estrada.

109
Q

assurance/guarantee that food will not cause harm to the consumers when it is prepared and/or eaten according to its intended use.

A

Food safety

110
Q

group of illness caused by any infectious (bacteria, viruses and parasites) and non-infectious agents (chemical, animal and plant toxins).

A

Food and Water-borne Diseases

111
Q

“NUTRITION AND DIETETICS LAW OF 2016”

A

REPUBLIC ACT 10862 (2015)

112
Q

“KALUSUGAN AT NUTRISYON NG MAG- NANAY ACT”

A

REPUBLIC ACT 11148 (2018)

113
Q

Children with poor nutrition are?

A
  • forever, stunted
  • susceptible to sickness
  • more likely to become overweight when they enter adulthood.
  • and more prone to non-communicable disease.
  • About one third of under-five mortality is attributable to under-nutrition.
114
Q

Stunting and other forms of under-nutrition are clearly a major contributing factor to?

A

to child mortality, disease and disability.

115
Q

Under-nutrition can cause various diseases such as?

A

blindness due to vitamin A deficiency and neural tube
defects due to folic acid deficiency

116
Q

From a life-cycle perspective, the most crucial time to meet a child’s nutritional requirements is in how many days?

A

1000, including the period of pregnancy and ending with the child’s second birthday.

117
Q

captures early chronic exposure to under-nutrition;

A

Stunting

118
Q

captures acute under-nutrition;

A

Wasting

119
Q

composite indicator that includes elements of stunting and wasting

A

Underweight

120
Q

Mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) is the measure of?

A
  • The circumference of the child’s upper arm half way between their shoulder and elbow
121
Q

MUAC provides indications of?

A

acute malnutrition independent of the child’s age.

122
Q

MUAC of severely malnourished

A

less than 11.5cm

123
Q

Moderately malnourished MUAC

A

11.5-12.5cm

124
Q

MUAC values are appropriate for children of what age?

A

6mos - 60mos

125
Q

When assessing weight-for-height, infants and children under 24 months of age should have their lengths measured ______

A

lying down

126
Q

chronic under-nutrition during the most critical periods of growth and development in early life.

A

Stunting

127
Q

Stunting is defined as the percentage of children aged_____ whose height for age is _________ from the median of the WHO Child Growth Standards.

A

0 to 59 months

below minus two standard
deviations (moderate and severe stunting) and minus three
standard deviations (severe stunting)

128
Q

composite form of under-nutrition that
includes elements of stunting and wasting.

A

Underweight

129
Q

____ reflects acute under-nutrition.

A

Wasting

130
Q

Indicator Measure Cut-off?

A

Severe wasting Weight-for-height <3 SD

Severe wasting MUAC <15 mm

Bilateral oedema Clinical sign (may not be considered)

131
Q

Low birth weight is defined as a weight of?

A

less than 2,500 grams at birth.

132
Q

In tackling child under-nutrition, there has been a shift from efforts to _______ to _______

A

Reduce underweight prevalence to prevention of stunting

133
Q

WHO Assembly adopted a new target for stunted children under 5 of reducing their prevalence by ____ by the year _____

A

40% by 2025

134
Q

____ and _____ are home to three fourths of the world’s stunted children.

A

Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia

135
Q

_____ accounts for one third of the global burden.

A

India

136
Q

was created as the country’s policy- making and coordinating body on nutrition.

A

National Nutrition Council

137
Q

National Nutrition Council was reorganized in what legislations?

A

Executive Order No. 234 s. 1987 and Administrative order No. 88 s. 1988

138
Q

The month of _____ was designated as NUTRITION MONTH under Section ___ to create greater awareness among people on the importance of nutrition.

A

July
7

139
Q

Consumer rights include?

A
  • Right to basic needs
  • Right to safety
  • Right to information
  • Right to choice
  • Right to representation
  • Right to redress
  • Right to consumer education
  • Right to a healthy environment
140
Q

Legislation that seeks to impose a PhP10. 00 excise tax per liter of volume capacity on SSBs containing purely locally produced sugar and PhP20.

A

TRAIN LAW AND TAX ON SUGAR (HB 56368)

141
Q

Excise tax on sweetened beverages (SBs) is one of the new taxes imposed under Republic Act (RA) _____ or __________ Law which took effect last Jan. 1. The _____ along with _______ support this as part of a comprehensive health measure to curb the consumption of SBs and address the worsening number of diabetes and obesity cases in the country, while arising revenue for complementary health programs that address these problems.

A

10963
Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion (TRAIN) Law
Department of Finance (DOF)
Department of Health (DOH)

142
Q

beverages that contain high level of certain sugars that are viewed to provide unnecessary or empty calories with little or no nutrition.

A

Sweetened Beverages

143
Q

Legislation that aims to provide guidance to nutrition stakeholders at the national and local levels, including government agencies, development partners, non-government organizations and civil society, academe, and other partner organizations and institutions on the conduct of high-impact activities and strategies. Consistent with a results-oriented approach, the plan also includes a monitoring and evaluation framework to support implementation.

A

The Strategic Plan of the Philippine Plan of Action for Nutrition (PPAN) Research Agenda 2022-2028

144
Q

Pinggang Pinoy, who made it?

A

FNRI-DOST

145
Q

PINGGANG PINOY uses a ______ model to show the recommended proportion of each food group in each meal for the various population and physiological groups, one of which is for the elderly.

A

food plate

146
Q

What are the proportions in the food plate model?

A

1/2 - fruits and veg
1/6 rice or bread
1/3 - body-building foods (fish, eggs, lean meat)

2nd Year 2nd Term (38 decks)

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