2.2 - Cellular Respiration

Question 1

What is Glycolysis?

Answer 1

Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose to pyruvate

Question 2

Where in a cell does Glycolysis take place?

Answer 2

Cytoplasm

Question 3

What happens in the first stage of Glycolysis?

Answer 3

2 ATP is used to phosphorylate glucose and intermediates

Question 4

What happens in the second stage of Glycolysis?

Answer 4

The generation of more ATP, resulting in a net gain of 2 ATP

Question 5

What needs to be present for the Krebs cycle to occur?

Answer 5

Oxygen

Question 6

What does the phosphorylation of glucose and intermediates during the energy investment stage lead to?

Answer 6

It leads to the generation of more ATP during the energy pay-off stage, resulting in a net gain of ATP

Question 7

What does Acetyl combine with during the start of the kerb cycle?

Answer 7

Coenzyme A

Question 8

What does Acetyl coenzyme A combine with to make a citrate?

Answer 8

Oxaloacetate

Question 9

Where does the Kreb cycle take place?

Answer 9

The matrix of the mitochondria

Question 10

What enzyme removes hydrogen ions and electrons?

Answer 10

Dehydrogenase

Question 11

What Coenzyme does dehydrogenase pass hydrogen ion and electrons on to?

Answer 11

Coenzyme NAD, forming NADH

Question 12

What happens to pyruvate during glycolysis?

Answer 12

Pyruvate is broken down to an acetyl group that combines with coenzyme A, forming Acetyl coenzyme A

Question 13

What happens to citrate during a series pf enzyme controlled reaction?

Answer 13

Citrate is gradually converted back into oxaloacetate, resulting in the generation of ATP and release of CO2

Question 14

In what stages is the dehydrogenase enzyme being used?

Answer 14

Both, Glycolysis and Citric acid cycle

Question 15

What happens to the hydrogen ions and electrons from NADH?

Answer 15

They are passed to the ETC on the inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 16

Where does the Electron transport chain occur?

Answer 16

Inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 17

Where does the energy from ATP synthesis come from?

Answer 17

High-energy electrons being passed along the ETC, releasing energy

Question 18

What is the Electron transport chain?

Answer 18

It is a series of carrier proteins attached to the inner mitochondrial membrane

Question 19

What do hydrogen ions and electrons combine with at the citric acid cycle?

Answer 19

They combine with oxygen to form water

Question 20

When does Fermentation take place?

Answer 20

In the absence of oxygen

Question 21

Where does Fermentation take place?

Answer 21

Cytoplasm

Question 22

What happens during Fermentation in animal cells?

Answer 22

pyruvate is converted into lactate, this reaction is reversible

Question 23

What happens during Fermentation in plant and yeast cells?

Answer 23

Ethanol and CO2 are produced, this reaction is irreversible

Question 24

What product does Fermentation result in much less off than in aerobic respiration?

Answer 24

ATP