Imperial Roman (62-250 CE) Flashcards
Augustus of Prima Porta
High Classic Greek (prosperity in Athens)
Stock pose (addressing troops) (meant for public display)
Ageless (young men can govern Rome)
Accomplished statesman descended from gods
Establishes codes of conduct
Compares his rule to the Athenian golden age
Divine lineage(Cupid,military scenes, sun never sets on the prosperity of Rome)
Iconography (forky hair, Roman nose, youth, confidence)
Found in wife’s country villa
Augustus of Prima Porta IDs
Imperial Roman
Early first century CE
Marble
House of Vettii IDs
Pompeii, Italy
Imperial Roman
62-79 CE
Cut stone and fresco
House of Vettii
Two houses combined
Home for freed slaves
No home office because the owners go to work instead of have clients
Paint style 1 (painted, meant for safety)
Paint style 2 (plaster, meant to be a window to another space, depicts architecture)
Paint style 3 (wall closes in, solid colors, flimsy architecture)
Paint style 4 (all of the above)
Paintings in dining room (people were correlated to face a specific painting)
Mythology depictions (Hera trying to kill baby Hercules, Dionysus’s followers killing and eating a guy, etc.) (you’d discuss these over dinner. yum!)
Colosseum
Stacked barrel vaults pulled into oval shape
Interior reflects an exterior
Tuscan order on bottom, ionic in middle, Corinthian on top
Sculptures in arches (Greek taken from military campaigns)
Doors with numbers to find section and row
Aristocrats at arena floor, women and slaves in bleachers in back
Rigging up tarps to protect people from the sun, operated by the Roman navy
Underground rooms for sneak attacks
Part of Nero’s palace
Forum of Trajan IDs
Apollodorus of Damascus
113 CE
Brick, conrete, and marble
Forum of Trajan
Transitioned over time
Shows battle victors of ruler (deifies him)
Shows wealth of country and empire
Square for civic and ritual business
Basilica used for civic + judicial matters
Uniquely Roman
Use of groin vault
Different level = different purpose
Hosts commerce + administration
Shows technological advancements (concrete + groin vault)
Column (scenes spiral up, depicts major campaigns of Trajan, celebrates civilization)
Pantheon
Traditional porch front
Barrel obscured (surprise)
Unsegmented, imported (from Egypt) columns
Corinthian order
Oculus
Geometric shapes
Coffers
Symbolizes imperial power with imported goods and skill
Defies nature
Freeing
A temple of all gods
Roman innovation of architecture as units of space that could be shaped by enclosures
Based on proportions
Ludovici Battle Sarcophagus IDs
Imperial Roman
250 CE
Marble
Ludovisi Battle Sarcophagus
High relief
Dense (no space, overlapping)
Barbarians = subhuman (rough, wild)
Romans = noble (smooth, calm, serious)
Came from tomb near where dead were cremated
Only wealthy could afford
Reflects turmoil (invasions, wars, etc.)
Battle scenes on 2 sides, not just 1
Return to sarcophagi
Imperial Roman Style
Space and depth
Inspired by Greek and Etruscan
Glory!!
Concrete
Decorations
Vaulted ceilings
Symmetry
Practicality
