War: Crimea 1853-1856

Question 1

Crimean War 1853-1856

Sumary

Answer 1

Russian Empire vs Britain and France to Help Turkey after the downfall of the Ottoman Empire

Russia Looses cuz Conscripted peasnts walking very long ways with limited resorces so tired

also the British Guns shot thurther than the Russian Artilery

This was a Big Defeat

Russia looses access to the Black sea and Crimea

Question 2

Crimean War 1853-1856

Society?

Answer 2

• the 1861 emancipation of the serfs
– which led to several factors including peasants being given land to work on
– having to pay Redemption payments for 49 years
– having a Internal passport with the Mir’s permission and then they can leave the mir
– as well as being able to marry him like
– Ect

• this allowed for Society in Russia to develop from a completely agricultural Empire into the Beginnings of industrialisation + create working Class

• large embarrassment about the failure of the war and a slight blaming of the Tsar

• try to improve Russia after failure of the war reforms were put into place such as
– educational reforms
– the establishment of local government representative of all classes
– some religious roles being able to gain promotions
ect.

Question 3

Crimean War 1853-1856

Politics?

Answer 3

• treaty Paris 1856 remove fleet of navy + forts from Black Sea
– no mediterranian access
– decreased trades / expansion

– local government was created with Zemstva + local duma to represent and run peasants once they had been emancipated

– military reforms = active military service decrease 25 years to 15
– 10 yrs for reserves
– conscription was made for all classes over the age of 20
– new colleges to train offices
– not restricted by class anymore meaning anyone can become one (Meritocracy)

– there were volost courts 4 peasnts
– trial by jury
– local, District, chamber courts all separate
– Tsar appoints Judges

• all of this was done to strengthen tsardom

Question 4

Crimean War 1853-1856

Nationalities?

Answer 4

• many areas near the Black Sea was lost from the Russian Empire and handed 2 Turkey

• the reforms following the crime in war led to policies in different Nations
– 1863 finnish diet 1865 finnish constitution

• however other nationalities were treated much worse

• Polish 1863 revolt on the basis of wanting emancipation of the surface also
– led to the development of rusification
– Milyutin’s plans to punish Poland led to it Becoming Part of Russia in the Vistula region until 1918

Question 5

Crimean War 1853-1856

Economy?

Answer 5

• 2 aid transport and trade Finance min Reuten created 14k miles of railways by 1878 which transported 3 million tons of goods

– he 2x industrial output with avg an growth of 6%
– creates the oil industry while expanding the iron coal textile
– encourages foreign investors and experts to help industrialize Russia

• starts the idea of Russia’s drive to industrially catch up with the west
– in terms of competition, updating weaponry, Prestige

• the trains also used for transporting the military and public transport as well as economic trade of goods
– as Poor roads + outdated transports (horse) = ppl die starvation / disease on way to front line in war

Question 6

Crimean War 1853-1856

Turning Point?

Answer 6

The Crimean War was a Turning Point for Russia in terms of the switch of Alexander II policies towards reform to strengthen his country and his authority in terms of military and economic strength

as to avoid further instances of failure such as the Crimean War

This starts the idea of industrally catching the West and converting Russia from a largely agricultural state into an industrial one