Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BDS5 Radiology OSCE > Odontogenic Tumours > Flashcards

Odontogenic Tumours Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 groups that odontogenic tumours can be classified into

A
  • epithelial
  • mesenchymal
  • mixed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the main 3 epithelial tumours

A

 Ameloblastoma
 Adenomatoid odontogenic tumour
 Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the main mesenchymal tumour

A

Odontogenic myxoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the main mixed tumour

A

Odontoma (aka odontome)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the odontogenic sources of epithelium

A

rests of mallasez
rests/glands of serres
reduced enamel epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the rest of mallasez a remnant of

A

hertwig’s epithelial root sheat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the rests/glands of Serres a remnant of

A

the dental lamina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the reduced enamel epithelium a remnant of

A

These are remnants of the enamel organ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the growth pace of ameloblastoma

A

slow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the symptoms of ameloblastoma

A

Painless
Can be locally destructive however

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How common is ameloblastoma

A

1% of oral and maxfax tumours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the most common age for ameloblastoma

A

30-60 yrs old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the most common location for ameloblastoma

A

Posterior mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What gender is ameloblastoma more common in

A

males

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the radiological types of ameloblastoma

A

multicystic
unicystic (less common)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What population is unicystic lesions more common in

A

younger px

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the histological forms of ameloblastoma

A

** follicular
* plexiform
* desmoplastic
First 2 most common

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the growth pace of adenomatoid odonotgenic tumour

A

slow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the classic presentation of adenomatoid odontogenic tumour

A

Classic presentation is unilocular radiolucency with internal calcifications around crown of unerupted maxillary canine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How common is adenomatoid odontogenic tumour

A

3% of odontogenic tumours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the most common age for adenomatoid odontogenic tumour

A

10-20 year olds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where is the most common location for adenomatoid odontogenic tumour

A

Anterior maxilla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the most common gender for adenomatoid odontogenic tumour

A

females

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the growth pace for calcifiying epithelial odontogenic tumour (CEOT) aka pindborg

A

slow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumours associated with

A

50% associated with unerupted tooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

How common are calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumours

A

1% of odontogenic tumours

27
Q

What age group experience calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumours

A

40-50s

28
Q

Where is the most common location for calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumours

A

posterior mandible

29
Q

Which gender are calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumours most common with

A

males

30
Q

How do the margins of ameloblastoma appear on an xray

A

Well defined

Corticated

Potentially scalloped

31
Q

How do multicystic ameloblastoma appear on an xray

A

Most common is multicystic type which may have thick curved septae producing a ‘soap bubble appearance’

32
Q

How does a unicystic ameloblastoma radiographically appear

A

Less common is unicystic time, it would not have scalloped margins as it is one lesion

33
Q

Are ameloblastomas radiopaque or radiolucent on an xray

A

Primarily radiolucent with exception of the desmoplastic type

Depending on how many septae there are, it can be more radiopaque

34
Q

What is the impact of ameloblastoma on adjacent structures

A

Displacement of adjacent structures: commonly teeth and the inferior alveolar canal

Thinning of bony cortices – this is a sign of an aggressive lesion

‘Knife edge’ external root resorption – clean cut appearance. Characteristic sign

35
Q

How does ameloblastoma tend to grow

A

Typically expands in all directions equally

36
Q

How do the margins of adenomatoid odontogenic tumour appear on an xray

A

Well defined

Corticated/sclerotic

37
Q

Are adenomatoid odontogenic tumours usually unilocular or multilocular

A

unilocular

38
Q

Are adenomatoid odontogenic tumours radiopaque or radiolucent

A

Radiolucent

Majority have internal calcifications/radiopacities and increase as the tumour matures

These internal calcifications and radiopacities can vary in size and they can clump together

39
Q

What is the impact of adenomatoid odontogenic tumours on adjacent structures

A

May displace adjacent structures but external roto resorption is rare

40
Q

What are the associations of adenomatoid odontogenic tumours

A

75% associated with an unerupted tooth. Looks similar to a dentigerous cyst but typically it is attached to the CEJ.
It impedes eruption

41
Q

How do the margins of calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumours appear

A

Can be well/poorly defined

42
Q

Are calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumours uni or multilocular

A

Can be multi or unilocular

43
Q

Are calcifying epithelail odontogenic tumours radiolucent or radiopaque

A

Radiolucency often with internal radiopacities (variable)

Can have no, fine or coarse internal septa

44
Q

What are calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumours associated with

A

50% associated with unerupted tooth

45
Q

What are the histological features of a plexiform ameloblastoma

A

o Ameloblast-like cells arranged in stands and inbetween them you may get stellate reticulum lie tissue present
o Stellate reticulum is a group of cells located in the centre of the enamel organ of a developing tooth
o Supporting all of this there is fibrous tissue
o There is no connective tissue capsule
o The cells can grow and infiltrate into jaw bones which is the main reason for the high recurrence

46
Q

What are the histological features of a follicular ameloblastoma

A

o Islands present with fibrous tissue background
o Islands are bordered by cells that resemble ameloblasts (columnar cells with a darkly staining nucleus)
o The tissue in the middle is a loose tissue that resembles stellate reticulum of the tooth germ
o Other changes can take place within the ‘stellate’ reticulum like tissue e.g formation of squamous epithelium

47
Q

What is the management of ameloblastoma

A
  • Surgical resection with margin
  • 1cm around pathology is removed due to recurrence being common
  • <1% will transform to malignant ameloblastic carcinoma
48
Q

What are the histological features of AOT

A
  • Sometimes epithelial cells are arranged in a duct like structure or are present in sheaths or presents with a ‘rosette’ appearance (bottom right in the right picture)
  • Sometimes a degree of calcification is present which is reflected as specks of radiopacity in the x-ray
  • Well developed fibrous tissue capsule surrounding the cells so therefore removal of the tumour is straight forward as there is low recurrence
49
Q

How can you differentiate the dental follicle from the AOT

A
  • Dental follicle tends to be symmetrical all the way around the crown whereas this is not symmetrical, it bulges out more in the mesial of the canine
50
Q

How does the margins of an odontogenic myxoma appear on an xray

A

o Well defined radiolucency with/without a thin corticated margin

51
Q

Are odontogenic myxomas unilocular or multilocular

A

o When the lesion is small, it is often unilocular
o However as they get larger, they often become multilocular and have a scalloped margin
o The septae are curled and thin resembling a bubbly appearance/tennis racket appearance

52
Q

What is the growth pattern of odontogenic myxomas

A

o Grows along the bone before it expands buccal lingually

53
Q

Do odontogenic myxomas displace

A

o Initially they will scallop up between the roots rather than displace them, the teeth will eventually be displaced however

54
Q

Describe the histological features of odontogenic myxomas

A
  • Made up of myxoid tissue which is a loose type of connective tissue
  • Has a gelatinous consistency
  • Contains stellate like cells but they are fewer in number
  • Sometimes there may be small groups of odontogenic epithelium with myxoid tissue but these cells are inactive
  • Mesenchymal in origin
  • No fibrous tissue capsule so can infiltrate into adjacent bone and increase risk of recurrence post-removal
55
Q

What is the management of odontogenic myxomas

A
  • Curettage or resection depending on the size
  • High recurrence rate (1 in 4)
  • Follow up is important
  • The rate of recurrence is lower if the lesion is unilocular
56
Q

What is an odontoma technically

A
  • It is classed as a tumour by WHO, however technically it is a hamartoma which is defined as a mass of disorganized tissue native to a particular anatomical location
57
Q

How does odontoma appear similarly to teeth

A

o Mature to a certain stage (do not grow indefinitely)
o Can be associated with other odontogenic lesions e.g dentigerous cysts
o Surrounded by a dental follicle
o Lie above the IAC

58
Q

What decade is odontoma most common in

A

2nd

59
Q

What gender is odontomas more common in

A

females

60
Q

What are the two types of odontoma

A

compound
complex

61
Q

What is a complex odontoma

A

 Disorganised mass of dental tissue
 More common in the posterior body of the mandible

62
Q

What is a compound ondontoma

A

 Ordered dental structure
 May appear as mini teeth called denticles
 More common in the anterior maxilla
 More common by 2:1

63
Q

What are the histological features of odontoma

A

Enamel space is present as enamel is an inorganic structure so during slide preparation, when tissue is placed in a variety of different concentrations, it will dissolve the hard tissue so if enamel is fully calcified, then there won’t be any enamel in the odontoma

BDS5 Radiology OSCE (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions