1.17 Wood Processes - Flashcards
Name and Describe all the wood joint processes
A butt joint
is the simplest method of joining two pieces of timber together.
It relies upon an adhesive such as PVA to make the bond. It is only suitable for very lightweight applications such as modelling. A butt joint is very easy
to complete - the pieces to be joined are cut square, PVA is applied and then the joint is clamped until dry.
Dowel joint
Dowels are small round pegs made from a hardwood.
• They come in a range of diameters for timbers of different thicknesses. Some dowels are machined with grooves that allow wood glue to flow up the dowel when it is hammered into place.
A dowel joint is made by measuring and marking the position for the dowels. Holes for the dowels are then drilled. Wood o glue is put into the holes, then the dowels are hammered into position and the two pieces are clamped together.
Dowelling is a simple joining method, and stronger than using just a butt joint because the dowels interconnect the two pieces.
o Dowel joints are typically used in flat-pack furniture such as a bookcase or wardrobe, where dowels will be used to secure the top and bottom to the sides. They are easy to use and do not require any specialist skills or complex tools. Dowels tend to be used to help hold panels or pieces together, and the joining is usually done by an additional knock down fitting.
Mitre joint
Mitre joints are similar to butt joints in that they rely upon simply gluing and clamping the pieces together. The difference is that the ends of the o pieces being joined to make a 90-degree corner are each cut to 45 degrees.
• They are then glued and clamped, often using a mitre jig in keep the corners
• straight. Mitre joints are used to make picture frames.
Comb joint
OA comb joint is a common joint used to make boxes. It is perfect for this
• application because the two pieces being joined interlocb. The combs also create an increased gluing surface area, which makes a very strong joint.
• Comb joints can be cut relatively easily using a band saw or laser cut, or with more skill using a tenon saw and wood chisel.
Dovetail joint
Dovetail joints are used in making drawers. They are perfect for this application because they have directional strength. Once glued together, they are impossible to pull apart, so they are excellent for joining the front and back of a drawer to the sides. Dovetail joints can be cut by hand using a dovetail saw or, more commonly, machined with a router and jig that requires much less skill.
Mortise and tenon joints are used to make heavy-duty frame constructions for furniture or similar applications.
This particular joint involves making a square or rectangular hole - known as a mortise - in one of the parts to be joined. This might be done with a mortise machine or router, or by simply drilling and cutting using a chisel.
The second piece of timber is then cut using a tenon saw or band saw to make the tenon. PVA glue is spread into the mortise and the two parts are clamped together.
Housing joint
Housing joints are useful for making framework construction, cabinets and shelving. A groove is cut across one piece, and the end of the second piece is inserted into it. This could be glued in position to make the joint permanent, or left unglued so that it can be taken apart or adjusted. This type of joint is structurally strong, and can be made using a tenon saw and chisel or by using a router.
Half lap joint
A half lap joint is used to make simple frames or boxes. It is made by cutting a ‘step’ in the end of each piece. The step is simple to make but it do has a larger gluing surface area than a butt joint, making it stronger. Half lap joints are easy to mark out and cut with a tenon saw or band saw.
