Ch 16 repiratory system

Question 1

lower then normal concentration of oxygen in arterial blood

Answer 1

hypoxemia

Question 2

oxygen from the atmosphere is taken inside and carbon dioxide produced is taken out

Answer 2

external exchange of breathing

Question 3

increased rate of respiration

Answer 3

tachypnea

Question 4

microscopic branch of a bronchus

Answer 4

bronchiole

Question 5

serous membrane that lines the chest cavity and covers the lungs

Answer 5

pleura

Question 6

• dome-shaped muscle under the lungs that flattens during inhalation
• a separating membrane or structure

Answer 6

diaphram

Question 7

tiny air sac in the lungs through which gases are exchanged between the outside air and the blood

Answer 7

alveoli

Question 8

nerve that activates the diaphragm

Answer 8

phrenic nerve

Question 9

• structure between the pharynx and trachea that contains the vocal chords
• voice box

Answer 9

larynx

Question 10

iron-contaning protein in red blood cells that binds oxygen

Answer 10

hemoglobin

Question 11

• drawing of air into the lungs
• inspiration

Answer 11

inhalation

Question 12

leaf-shaped cartilage that covers the larynx during swallowing

Answer 12

epiglottis

Question 13

phase of respiration when the diaphragm contracts

Answer 13

inhalation

Question 14

phase of respiration when the diaphragm expands

Answer 14

exhalation

Question 15

where does the oxygen and CO2 diffuse in the lungs art which sites the alveoli or the blood

Answer 15

alveoli

Question 16

3 portions of the pharynx

Answer 16

• nasopharynx
• oropharynx
• laryngopharynx

Question 17

where is the pleural space located

Answer 17

• between 2 layers of the pleura
• contains a thin film of fluid that lubricated the membranes
• pleura fluid helps lungs expand and contract during breathing without separating from the chest wall

Question 18

what forms the Adams apple

Answer 18

thyroid cartilage protruding at anterior of neck

Question 19

where would you find cartilage rings in relation to the respiratory system

Answer 19

trachea

Question 20

parts of the nasal septum

Answer 20

• superior portion by thin plate of ethmoid bone
• inferior portion is formed by the Vomer
• an anterior extension of the septum is made of hyalive cartilage

Question 21

how carbon dioxide is transported in the blood

Answer 21

• dissolved in the plasma and fluid within RBC, combined with the protein portion of hemoglobin with plasma protein
• transported on a bicarbonate ion

Question 22

how oxygen is transported in the blood

Answer 22

• 1.5% of the oxygen in blood is carried in solution in the plasma
• 98.5% of the oxygen that diffuse into the capillary blood in the lungs bond to hemoglobin in the red blood cells
• transported in blood by diffusion

Question 23

how oxygen is transported from the lungs into the blood

Answer 23

hemoglobin molecules inside RBC pick up and carry the oxygen
these oxygen-rich cell travel into the blood vessels from the lungs to the left side of the heart
the blood is then pumped down the body
- by alvioli becaise of exchange between alveli and blood

Question 24

difficulty breathing when lying down that relieved by sitting or standing up

Answer 24

orthopnea

Question 25

low levels of oxygen in the blood

Answer 25

hypoxemia

Question 26

nas/o

Answer 26

nose

Question 27

or/o

Answer 27

mouth

Question 28

laryng/o

Answer 28

• larynx
• voice box

Question 29

pleur/o

Answer 29

pleura

Question 30

spir/o

Answer 30

breathing

Question 31

capn/o

Answer 31

carbon dioxide

Question 32

-pnea

Answer 32

breathing

Question 33

orth/o

Answer 33

• straight
• upright

Question 34

an increase in the depth and rate of breathing to meet the body’s metabolic needs, as in excersize

Answer 34

hyperpnea

Question 35

decrease in the rate and depth of breathing

Answer 35

hypopnea

Question 36

an excessive rate of breathing that may be normal, as in excersize

Answer 36

tachypnea

Question 37

temporary cessation of breathing

Answer 37

apnea