quiz 10

Question 1

containing tens to a few hundreds of loosely grouped stars, young stars, spiral arms of the Milky Way

Answer 1

open clusters

Question 2

containing tens/hundreds of thousands of tightly knit group of stars, spherical in shape, older stars, found around the galactic center of spiral galaxies

Answer 2

globular clusters

Question 3

when can you see the most stars in the sky

Answer 3

summer solstice

Question 4

how long is the milky way across

Answer 4

100000ly

Question 5

how thick is the milky way

Answer 5

1000ly

Question 6

how long is a galactic year

Answer 6

230 million earth years

Question 7

the shift of a star in the sky that shows how far away it is

Answer 7

parallax shift/stellar parallax

Question 8

the distance a star much be for its parallax to measure 1 arc second (3.3 ly)

Answer 8

parsec

Question 9

closest start to the sun, 4.3 ly away

Answer 9

Proxima Centauri

Question 10

the change in location of a star k. the celestial sphere

Answer 10

proper motion

Question 11

the total amount of energy a star radiates into space each second

Answer 11

luminosity

Question 12

how bright a star appears to an observer on earth

Answer 12

apparent magnitude

Question 13

2 factors brightness is determined by

Answer 13

distance and luminosity

Question 14

doubling the distance from a star makes it appear ¼ as bright or 4x dimmer

Answer 14

inverse square law

Question 15

magnitude scale explanation

Answer 15

higher the number the dimmer it is

Question 16

how created magnitude scale

Answer 16

hipparchus

Question 17

what mag is the sun at

Answer 17

-27

Question 18

sun’s absolute mag

Answer 18

4.8

Question 19

the apparent brightness a star would be if placed 10 parsers (33ly) away

Answer 19

absolute mag

Question 20

if apparent is LESS than absolute (brighter closer than farther away)

Answer 20

closer than 10 parsecs

Question 21

is apparent is MORE than absolute (appears dimmer than it actually is)

Answer 21

farther than 10 parsecs

Question 22

really big really bright really cold (top right)

Answer 22

super giants

Question 23

kinda big kinda bright really cold (mid right)

Answer 23

giants

Question 24

really cold, really small, really dim

Answer 24

main sequence bottom right

Question 25

really big really bright really hot

Answer 25

main sequence top left

Question 26

really small really hot really dim (bottom left)

Answer 26

white dwarfs

Question 27

created Harvard classification scheme

Answer 27

Annie jump cannon

Question 28

PhD thesis on stellar atmospherenin 1925, proposed that stars were made put of H and He

Answer 28

Cecelia payne

Question 29

the final stage of stellar evolution depends on the original mass of the star

Answer 29

stellar evolution

Question 30

low mass stars:

Answer 30

die gently, 0.4-8 solar masses

Question 31

high mass stars:

Answer 31

die catastrophically, 8+ solar masses

Question 32

why do stars leave main sequence

Answer 32

they run out of H in their cores