Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

astronomy > test 4 > Flashcards

test 4 Flashcards

1
Q

describe the structure of the sun

A

core: fusion
radiative zone: transport energy outside of the core
convection zone: cycling of energy
photosphere: releases energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

describe the process within the core of the sun? why does the sun shine?

A

it fuses H into He and energy releases to create light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what causes the energy making process within the sun?

A

main sequence equilibrium: balance of inward and outward force of gravity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how does the energy from the core reach the convection zone?

A

radiative transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the core and the surface temperature of the Sun in F and C

A

Core: 27M F, 15M C
Surface: 10500F 5600C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

describe the solar features that can be observed with a white light filter

A

sunspots and granulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what type of energy do stars emit? what part of this energy does the sun produce its high energy output?

A

visible light: yellow green

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

describe the solar features that can be observed with an H Alpha filter

A

prominence flares loops filaments plages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

name the particles produced during the sun energy making process? aka what is the lost mass?

A

gamma rays

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

name and describe the two parts of a sunspot and explain why they appear darker than the rest of the suns surface

A

umbra & penumbra
several thousand degrees cooler

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how much time does it takes for energy produced in the core of the sun to reach its surface

A

1M-100K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how long does it take the energy from the sun to get to earth

A

8min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are the two parts of the solar atmosphere and during what natural event can they be seen?

A

corona and chromosphere, solar eclipse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are the safest ways to observe the sun

A

white light, H Alpha, #14 welding filter and projection method

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

describe the sunspot cycle

A

11yrs where it goes from fewest to max sunspots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

name 3 types of galaxies, what kind is the milky way

A

spiral, irregular, elliptical; spiral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the main different between a globular and open cluster of stars

A

G: inside of galaxy, old, hundreds of thousands of stars
O: outside of galaxy, young, dozens to hundreds of stars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

one parsec is equal to how many ly

A

3.3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what does parallax mean

A

when a star moves when viewed from different angles/viewpoints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

how do astronomers use parallax in determining stellar distances

A

the angle it moves can show us how far away a star is

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is a cosmic year

A

230M ly

22
Q

describe the general location of our sun and its solar system in the milky way galaxy

A

on an inner arm spiral

23
Q

which is brighter 3.2 magnitude or 5.5 magnitude

A

3.2

24
Q

what is the apparent magnitude of the sun

A

-27w

25
Q

what is the absolute magnitude of the sun

A

4.8

26
Q

what variable of apparent brightness is eliminated when discussing absolute brightness

A

distance

27
Q

what is the limiting magnitude of the human eye in dark unlight polluted skies

A

6

28
Q

what do you need to observe dimmer objects

A

you need a telescope

29
Q

what is luminosity

A

total energy a star radiated per second

30
Q

what physical property of a star determines its luminosity

A

size and temperature

31
Q

color brightness size and temp of supergiant

A

red, bright, big, cool

32
Q

what does h-r stand for

A

Hertzsprung-Russel

33
Q

who discovered stars are made of H and He

A

Cecelia Payne

34
Q

where are stars born and give an example

A

nebula/stellar nursery - Orion Nebula

35
Q

how do stars form

A

gas and dust compacting

36
Q

how does the sun compare in brightness and temp with other main sequence stars

A

right in the middle but towards the smaller and cooler side

37
Q

major stages of stellar lifecycle for low mass stars

A

nebula-main sequence-red giant-planetary nebula-white dwarf-black dwarf

38
Q

what could happen at the end of a low mass star during its death if it is a part of a binary star system

A

nova

39
Q

how long do high mass stars live

A

short lives, <100M yrs

40
Q

how long do low mass stars live

A

long lives, trillions of yrs

41
Q

list the major stages of the stellar lifecycle of a high mass star

A

nebula-massive main sequence star-supergiant-supernova-neutron star/pulsar?

42
Q

what causes a supernova

A

gravity being the only force acting on a star and star becomes very bright

43
Q

what is made during a supernova explosion

A

heavier elements after iron up to 92

44
Q

how od super massive stars die

A

they cannot do fusion anymore so gravity takes over

45
Q

what is the escape velocity at the event horizon of a black hole

A

speed of light

46
Q

how can we detect black holes

A

they produce xray and radio waves

47
Q

what happens to time when you travel as fast as the speed of light

A

time slows down

48
Q

if you were to fall into a black hole what would happen to your body

A

you would stretch

49
Q

what is possible at the center of galaxies

A

black hole

50
Q

what do we call the groups of stars that reach out from the center of our galaxy making it appear to have the shape of a wagon wheel

A

spirals

51
Q

is the universe expanding and what evidence support this

A

yes all stars are moving away

52
Q

what is the leading scientific theory on how the universe began

A

astronomy (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions