Hearing Loss in Children

Question 1

Early Hearing Detection and Intervention (EHDI)

Answer 1

• national public health initiative for pediatric hearing healthcare birth to 3 years
• 1999 Newborn and Infant Hearing Screening and Intervention Act was passed
• all EHDI programs support the universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS)

Question 2

1-3-6 rule that all states aim to follow

Answer 2

1 = screening for hearing loss prior to 1 month of age
3 = diagnosed with hearing loss by 3 months age
6 = enrolled into an EI program by 6 months of age

Question 3

the 1-3-6 rule is outlined step-by-step by the…

Answer 3

Joint Committee on Infant Hearing (JCIH)

Question 4

in addition to traditional auditory testing, SLPs can use the following during assessments on children with HL

Answer 4

• developmental index of audition and listening (DIAL)
• early listening function (ELF)
• functional auditory performance indicators (FAPI)
• auditory behavior in everyday life (ABEL)
• littleears auditory questionnaire
• parents’ evaluation of aural/oral performance of children
• infant-toddler meaningful auditory integration scale
• FM listening evaluation

Question 5

developmental index of audition and listening (DIAL)

Answer 5

types of listening behaviors expected at different developmental levels

Question 6

early listening function (ELF)

Answer 6

parents observe and rate their child’s auditory awareness skills

Question 7

functional auditory performance indicators (FAPI)

Answer 7

assesses child’s auditory skills across 7 different categories of development

Question 8

auditory behavior in everyday life (ABEL)

Answer 8

parental perceptions of child’s auditory behavior

Question 9

littleears auditory questionnaire

Answer 9

auditory behaviors assessed after CI or HA fitting

Question 10

parents’ evaluation of aural/oral performance of children (PEACH)

Answer 10

real-world observations of HA usage and behaviors

Question 11

infant-toddler meaningful auditory integration scale (IT MAIS)

Answer 11

for children birth to 3 years fit with HA or CI, looking at auditory behaviors

Question 12

FM listening evaluation

Answer 12

use and benefit of FM system

Question 13

EI services for children who are deaf or HOH

Answer 13

recommendation that all children birth to 3 years with any degree of permanent hearing loss in one or both ears are eligible for early intervention services

Question 14

___ of children with permanent childhood HL also present with at least one additional disability such as…

Answer 14

30%-40%; developmental delays, cleft palate, vision loss, cerebral palsy, craniofacial anomalies, autism spectrum disorder

Question 15

ASHA’s roles and responsibilities of SLP in Early Intervention: guideline roles include…

Answer 15

• awareness of federal, state, agency, and professional policies of hearing screenings
• assessing infants and toddlers at risk for disabilities
• standardized measures for hearing screenings
• collaboration
• supporting family

Question 16

identification: physiologic screening

Answer 16

• otoacoustic emissions (OAE)
• auditory evoked potentials (AEP)
• auditory brainstem response (ABR)

Question 17

auditory habilitation

Answer 17

• children with pre-lingual HL
• SLPs work with educational audiologists and teachers of the deaf/hard of hearing

Question 18

hearing loss prevention: growing levels of concern

Answer 18

• schools ear exempt from OSHA standards
• noise regulations that do exist in schools are classified to staff
• insurance companies for schools have limited knowledge of noise exposure hazards
• school hearing screening is not mandated in all states, and if they do they are generally not designed to identify students with NIHL

Question 19

SLPs will work with students on

Answer 19

• auditory skill development
• language development
• speech production training
• visual communication systems
• selection/use of instructional materials
• assistive technology
• case management/care coordination
• compensatory skill training
• educational options
• service recommendations

Question 20

literacy: children with hearing impairment

Answer 20

• can adversely affect educational performance
• rely on acoustical input through a listening device

Question 21

literacy: children with deafness

Answer 21

• impairs the processing of linguistic information with or without hearing assistance technology
• do not rely on acoustical input, communicate through manual communication

Question 22

the simple view of reading in children with HL

Answer 22

• children who benefit from hearing assistive technology fall slightly below their normal hearing peers with regard to reading
• children who do not rely on the acoustic signal fall even more poorly than their hearing impaired and normal hearing peers

Question 23

the simple view of writing in children with HL

Answer 23

• children who rely on acoustic signal fall behind their normal hearing peers
• children who do not rely on the acoustic signal fall even further behind (perform very poorly on expressive writing tasks)

Question 24

reading interventions for children with HL

Answer 24

• improving decoding skills
• visual phonics
• use of audiovisual technology

Question 25

visual phonics

Answer 25

incorporates a system of 45 hand and symbol cues that represent the phonemes of spoken English

Question 26

writing interventions for children with HL

Answer 26

simple idea for written expression

Question 27

for hearing impaired that relies on acoustic input…

Answer 27

if you can think it you can say it, and if you say it you can write it

Question 28

for those who rely on manual communication

Answer 28

if you can think it you can sign it, and if you sign it you can write it