Adult Intellectual Disability

Question 1

intellectual Disability

Answer 1

Deficits in intellectual functioning such as problem solving, reasoning, planning, abstract thinking and learning from experience
Deficits in adaptive functioning such as social participation, communication, & independent living
Onset of deficits during the developmental period with subcategories of middle, mod to severe

Question 2

Down Syndrome=

Answer 2

most common cause of genetic intellectual disability
chromosomal abnormality usually characterized by 3 copies of chromosome 21 AKA trisomy 21
risk factor= mother or father of advanced age

Question 3

fragile X syndrome

Answer 3

in boys
intellectual, behavioral and physiological deficits that comes from a break in the X chromosome
males are more likely to inherit this as they have only one X chromosome
characteristics:
impulsivity
mental retardation
self stim
SLP problems
developmental delay
social skill deficits, ADHD, hyperactivity
sensory processing issues

Question 4

Cerebral palsy

Answer 4

non progressive neurological condition caused by injury to the brain in utero or shortly after birth
rates are about 1.5 to 4 per 1000 live births (CDC, 2013)
different types resulting in muscle tone (spactic or flaccid or mixed), speech and language, motor issues, praxis, sensation impairment
cognition may be impacted but often it is not

Question 5

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Answer 5

Pregnant mother consumes ETOH and ETOH impacts the developing fetus causing
physical
psychological
cognitive impairment (decreased memory, math skills, decreased problem solving)
learning disabilities
cognitive impairment hyperactivity
impulsivity
sensory processing issues

Question 6

Autism

Answer 6

deficits in social interaction, communication restricted behaviors & clinically significant impairment

Question 7

Epilepsy

Answer 7

recurrent seizure due to an unknown cause
about 30% of those dx with epilepsy have another developmental disability
anticonvulsant meds
vagus nerve stimulator

Question 8

ADHD

Answer 8

ADHD often begins in childhood and can persist into adulthood. It may contribute to low self-esteem, troubled relationships, and difficulty at school or work.
Symptoms include limited attention and hyperactivity.
Treatments include medication and talk therapy.

Question 9

cognitive approach

Answer 9

Skill building and education, home program, resources

Question 10

Biomechanical & Physical Approach

Answer 10

Builds the physical components for function

AROM/PROM,

Question 11

Behavioral Approach

Answer 11

Specific skill training
Target a specific behavior
Instruction
Modeling
Reinforcement
Token environments
Positive reinforcement
Chaining

Question 12

Sensory Integrative Approach
Decrease sensory defensiveness
Reduce negative behaviors (self-injurious)
Improve sensory processing and sensory integration
Facilitate adaptive responses to daily living
Brushing program
Weighted vest