Population Flashcards
6 social indicators of development
•life expectancy
•population per doctor
•infant mortality
•adult literacy
•calories per person per day
•% of children attending school
4 Economic indicators of development
•GDP per capita
•gross national product
•energy per person
•%of people employed in agriculture
2 Problems with indicators of development and 2 ways to fix it
• average so not true picture
•one indicator doesn’t tell story eg. Wealthy but not educated
•physical quality of life index combines LE, AL, IM
•human development index combines LE, AL, GNP per person, cost of living + school environment
Why countries are more developed than others… 4 human factors
•population growth-not enough food,schools etc
•access to education-less skilled workers
•level of industrialisation-less income=less taxes to spend
•trade-raw materials don’t bring enough eg. Borrowing money leads to debt
Physical factors- climate too cold
Why is this a problem and example
•Remote and unlikely to attract industry
•too cold to farm
Eg. Mongolia
Physical factors- climate too dry
Why this is a problem and example
•not enough rain to grow crops
•always at risk of crop failure
Eg. Ethiopia
Physical factors- relief too steep
Why this is a problem and example
•poor farming cause of steep land
•difficult to build roads and railways
Eg. Nepal
Physical factors- resources lack of minerals
Why this is a problem and example
•no valuable minerals to sell
•no fuel to encourage industry to set up
Eg. Malawi
Physical factors- environment unattractive & much disease
Why this is a problem and example
•not attractive to summer tourists
Eg. Burkina Faso
•unable to develop if people suffer from disease and can’t work
Eg. Sierra Leone
Physical factors- natural disasters
Why this is a problem and example
•may take years to recover
•costs millions and may cause famine + unemployment
Eg. Bangladesh
5 Developing Factors affecting birth rates
•children take care of parents in old age
•children can help farm and earn money
•infant mortality rates are high
•lack of contraceptives
•large family have high status
4 developed factors affecting birth rates
•more women work
•people marry later in life
•contraception is available
•children are expensive
5 developing factors affecting death rates
•lack of clean water
•many live in poor housing with poor sanitation
•lack of food
•diseases are more widespread
•fewer medical facilities
5 Developed factors affecting death rates
•safe clean water
•proper sanitation
•people generally well fed
•advanced medical facilities
•vaccines available
Wide base on population pyramid means…
High birth rates
