Temp, KE, and Phases

Question 1

The way atoms interact depend on ___ ?

Answer 1

arrangement of ve-

Question 2

What is temperature ?

Answer 2

measure of “hotness” that tells us in which direction thermal energy will move

Question 3

Thermal energy always moves from ____ object to _____ object.

Answer 3

hotter to cooler

Question 4

Difference b/w temp and thermal energy ?

Answer 4

• temp: depends on average kinetic energy of particles
• thermal energy: depends on how much material you have

Question 5

1 drop and 1 bucket of boiling water have the same what and different what.

Answer 5

Same temp, diff amount of thermal energy.

Question 6

Does the average kinetic energy increase or decrease as temperature increases

Answer 6

increases

Question 7

Can an individual gas particle have Kinetic energy and temp ? Why ?

Answer 7

NOOO, those are bulk properties

Question 8

True/False ? All atoms move at the same speed at a given temp.

Answer 8

FALSE
individual atoms have diff speeds

Question 9

What causes temperature changes ?

Answer 9

collisions

Question 10

In the Maxwell-Boltzmann curve, what temp is each curve showing from left to right ?

Answer 10

• Left (highest) = cold
• Middle = warm
• Right (shortest) = hot

Question 11

How to tell which element is which in a Maxwell-Boltzmann curve when under the same temperature ? Under different temperatures ?

Answer 11

• look at radius (bigger=slower)
• look at shift (hotter=faster)

Question 12

Why do gas molecules that collide not stick together ? If they did ?

Answer 12

• they have enough energy to overcome attraction
• wouldn’t be a gas if they stuck

Question 13

If higher speed, why can’t we smell far things immediately ?

Answer 13

molecules collide (don’t move in a straight line)

Question 14

What are the 3 movements of kinetic energy ?

Answer 14

1. translation
2. vibration
3. rotation

Question 15

What is the translation, vibration, and rotation of a gas ?

Answer 15

1. translation = free
2. vibration = free
3. rotation = free

Question 16

What is the translation, vibration, and rotation of a liquid ?

Answer 16

1. translation = restricted
2. vibration = less free than gas
3. rotation = free

Question 17

What is the translation, vibration, and rotation of a solid ?

Answer 17

1. translation = absent
2. vibration = very limited
3. rotation = free

Question 18

What is specific heat ?

Answer 18

energy required to raise 1g by 1 C (or 1 K)

Question 19

What is molar heat capacity ?

Answer 19

energy required to raise 1 mol by 1 C (or 1 K)

Question 20

How to tell which raises in temperature the most ?

Answer 20

the one w/ the lowest specific heat

Question 21

Describe the properties of water ? (specific heat, melting/boiling point/density of ice/vapor pressure)

Answer 21

• high specific heat
• high melting/boiling point
• low density of ice
• low vapor pressure

Question 22

Which line is water ? Which is ethanol ? Why ?
|
| /
| / /
| / /
| / /
—-|-/—————————–
| thermal energy

Answer 22

water is the line shifted more right (high specific heat need more thermal energy)

Question 23

Does temperature change during a phase change ?

Answer 23

No, only changes when the phase change is complete