SCC & Udder Amputation Flashcards
What cattle are most commonly affected by SCC?
mostly adults >1 y/o
- will typically still have a good appetite and produce
What ocular structures are most commonly affected by SCC? What typically follows metastasis?
- cornea
- sclera
- eyelids
- third eyelids
necrosis and secondary bacterial infection
When is SCC metastasis assumed to have occurred?
involvement of bony orbit or enlarged cervical LNs
+/- precancerous plaques or papilloma-like growths
SCC:
SCC:
What treatments are commonly performed for cattle with SCC? What is not typically done?
- hyperthermia/cryotherapy
- debulking
- enucleation
anticancer drugs –> $$$
How are enucleations performed?
standing surgery with excellent head restraint
- four-point retrobulbar block performed by injecting 15-20 mL of Lidocaine through the eyelids (or Peterson eye block)
- surgical prep
- grasp eyelids with towel clamps
- create a transpalpebral incision around the orbit, leaving as much normal tissue as possible
- use sharp or blunt 360 dissection to all but the very caudal aspect of the eye socket
- once the optic stalk and blood supply are reached, they can be severed
- remove all ocular structures and take a large amount of 4x4s into the orbit to control hemorrahe
- suture up the eyelids - remove gauze and place PPG inside before last suture
minimize finger entry into socket, hemostasis not as necessary
How is hyperthermia performed on ocular SCC? What typically occurs after?
- prolapse eye
- apply unit to area of SCC and wait for 30 beeps
corneal edema –> inflammatory reaction
What factor predisposes development of SCC? What is considered in making treatment decisions?
lack of pigment around the eye
- pregnancy - wean calf then make decisions
- LN metastasis - euthanasia
- value of animal and at slaughter
- welfare
What are 3 parts to the multifactorial etiology of SCC?
- genetic - Herefords (white face lacks pigment)
- environmental - solar radiation
- viral - papillomavirus
What is prognosis of SCC like?
good with early treatment
- recurrence possible
- can’t be 100% sure metastasis has not occurred
What is the purpose of performing a third eyelid flap?
adds support to a corneal ulcer to decrease the risk of the ulcer perforating in cases of pinkeye
What species commonly require udder amputations?
pigmy goats
- happens in all breeds!
What are 2 important things to know about when performing udder amputations?
- leave plenty of skin to close
- know blood supply
What are the 3 major blood supplies to the udder?
- caudolateral - external pudendal artery and vein
- caudal - ventral perineal artery and vein
- cranial - subcutaneous abdominal veins
How are udder amputations performed?
- cut up close to teats
- bluntly dissect each half separately while looking for vessels to tie off (feel for pulses)
- close incision and apply aluminum spray to create a protective barrier
Udder amputation:
not much mammary tissue left (usually looks like a lung)
