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Orthodontics > Cephlometric > Flashcards

Cephlometric Flashcards

1
Q

What is Cephlometric ?

A
  • It is reproducible radiographs of lateral Skull to assess facial, dental and skeletal relationship in vertical and anterior posterior dimensions.
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2
Q

How much magnification and distance?

A

10% with 6ft tube- film distance

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3
Q

How can you tell age by ceph?

A
  • Spine 1,2,3 changes shape to more rectangular
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4
Q

What information Ceph give you?

A
  • Dimension and relationship of bones - Skeletal pattern
  • Position and angulation of teeth
  • Size and shape of soft tissue
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5
Q

Why do we use Ceph for?

A
  • Diagnose
  • Treatment planing
  • research
  • Monitor progress
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6
Q

Problem with accuracy of Cephs?

A
  • Bad technique when taking radiographs
  • Lips tensed together or apart
  • Heads not straight
  • Machine set up wrong
  • Patient is not biting together
  • Poor identification of points
  • Mistakes in measurement
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7
Q

What are the points of Cephmetric points, planes?

A
  • Point A.
  • Point B.
  • Sella S
  • Porion Po
  • Nasion N
  • Orbital Or
  • Gonion Go
  • Menton Me
  • Pogonion Pog
  • Gnathion Gn
  • SN lines
  • SNA
  • SNB
  • ANB
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8
Q

Frankfort plane?

A

Porion to orbital Po - Or

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9
Q

Mandibular Plane

A

Go Gonion - Me Menton

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10
Q

Maxilllary plane

A

ANS - PNS

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11
Q

ANB angle for average?

A

3 degree +/- 2

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12
Q

SNA angle?

A
  • 81 degree +/-3
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13
Q

SNB angle

A
  • 78 degree +/- 3
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14
Q

Maxillary and mandibular plane angle ? MMPA

A
  • 27 degree +/- 5
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15
Q

Upper incisors to Maxillary plane angle? UI MxPn

A
  • 109 +/- 6
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16
Q

Lower Incisor to Mandibular plane? LI MdPn

A
  • 93 degrees +/- 6
17
Q

Interincisal angle ?

A

135 degree +/- 10

18
Q

Lower incisors- mandibular plane angle LI Apo

A
  • 1mm +/-2mm
19
Q

TFH - Total facial height

A

-119mm

20
Q

UAFH - Upper anterior face height

A
  • 54mm
21
Q

LAFH- Lower anterior face height

A
  • 65mm 55%
22
Q

Nasiolabial angle NLA

A

-100 degree

23
Q

E- line

A

Upper lip - 4mm
Lower lip - 2mm

24
Q

ANB - Skeletal class

A

Class I - 2-4 degree
Class II- more than 4 degrees
Class III- less than 2 degrees

25
Q

How do you take Cephlometric?

A
  • It is taken from distance of 1.5m with head at the right angle to the xray beam at distance of 30cm.
    -Magnification 10% 6 ft distance tube and film
  • Two ear rods which are placed in external auditory meatus.
  • Saggital plane should be parallel to xray film
  • Teeth in centre occlusion
  • Frankfort plane horizontal.
26
Q

Define A point?

A
  • the point of deepest concavity anteriorly on maxillary alveolus
27
Q

Define B point?

A
  • The point of deepest concavity anteriorly on mandibular symphysis
28
Q

Define S sella?

A
  • The midpoint of Sella Turcica ( pituitary fossa)
29
Q

Define N Nasion?

A
  • The most anterior point on fronto- nasal suture
30
Q

SN line define?

A
  • The plane demonstrated by line through the nasion and sella
31
Q

Which angle represents the relative anterior- posterior position of maxilla to cranial base?

A
  • SNA
32
Q

The angle represents the relative anterior - posterior position of the mandible to cranial base?

A
  • SNB
33
Q

Which angle represents the relative anterior posterior position of maxilla to mandible and can used to determine skeletal class?

A
  • ANB
34
Q

What is Eastman correction?

A
  • it’s correction potential inaccuracy in position of Nasion.
  • If SNA is greater than 81 degrees , 0.5 per degree should be subtracted from ANB
  • If SNA degree less than 81 degrees, 0.5 per degree should be added to ANB

The correction of for ANB can only be applied if SN- maxillary plane within normal range of 8 +/- 3 degrees

-E.g SNA is 85 degree - average 81= 4
6 - (0.5*4) =
6-2 = 4 degree

35
Q

Wits Appraisal ?

A
  • To avoid Error associated with discrepancies of position of cranial base within skull
  • Useful for assessing mandible and maxillary AP relationship seperate from skeletal basses.
  • Draw perpendicular lines from A point or B point the occlusal plane
  • BO+1mm ahead of AO (Male)
  • BO = AO

Orthodontics (45 decks)

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