organism and population

Question 1

father of ecology in India

Answer 1

ramdeo misra

Question 2

maximum and minimum productivity

Answer 2

tropical forest, arctic and alpine tundra

Question 2

eurythermal [warm blooded]

Answer 2

who can tolerate wide range of temperatures, homeostasis eg; birds and mammals, *regulate

Question 3

stenothermal [cold blooded]

Answer 3

can tolerate only narrow range of temperature, eg; lizard, 99% animals and all plants, confirm*

Question 4

salt concentration

Answer 4

inland H2O < 5ppt
sea 30-35 ppt
hypersaline legume > 100ppt

Question 5

euryhaline

Answer 5

can tolerate wide range of salinities

Question 5

siberian crane

Answer 5

Keoladeo national park [ bharathpur Rajasthan]

Question 6

stenohaline

Answer 6

tolerate narrow range of salinity

Question 7

Aestivation

Answer 7

summer sleep
eg; fish and snail

Question 7

hibernation

Answer 7

winter sleep

Question 8

diapause

Answer 8

a stage of suspended development of many zooplankton in lake and ponds

Question 8

Physiological adaptations

Answer 8

kangaroo rat

Question 9

adaptation in desert

Answer 9

Anatomical adaptation; thick cuticle
Physiological adaptation ; stomata remain closed during day time
Morphological adaptation ; leaves re reduce to spines

Question 9

Allens rule

Answer 9

cold region mammals have shorter ears and limbs

Question 10

bergmanns rule

Answer 10

large size animals in colder region

Question 11

birth rate

Answer 11

change/ initial = final-initial/initial

Question 11

attributes of population

Answer 11

birth rate
death rate
sex ratio
population density
age pyramid

Question 12

death rate

Answer 12

initial-final/initial

Question 13

age pyramid

Answer 13

triangular -expanding
bell shaped - stable
urn shaped -declining

Question 14

biomass

Answer 14

eg; parthenium grass and banyan tree

Question 15

relative density

Answer 15

eg; no. of fish caught in trap indicates its total population density in the lake

Question 16

indirect count

Answer 16

eg; based on pug marks and fecal pellet

Question 17

population density’N’

Answer 17

B+,I+ ,D-,E-

Question 18

N[t+1]

Answer 18

N +[{B+I} - {D+E}]

Question 19

GROWTH MODEL

Answer 19

exponential growth[ unlimited resources, J - shaped], logistic growth[ limited resources, sigmoid curve]

Question 20

rate of growth

Answer 20

differential ; dN/dt= [b-d]N
b-d = r[ intrinsic rate of natural increase]
integral ; N[t]= Noe^rt
e= 2.71

Question 20

rate of growth with environmental resistance

Answer 20

verhults pearl logistic growth ; differential ; dN/dt= rN[K-N/K][K-N/K] - environmental resistance
integral ; N[t]= Noe^r[K-N/K]t

Question 21

predator

Answer 21

all carnivores and herbivores are predator
predators in nature are prudent

Question 22

commensalism

Answer 22

orchid in mango
barnacles whale
clown fish sea anymore
cattle egret and cattle

Question 23

ammensalism

Answer 23

black walnut apple plant
penicillium bacteria