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Microbiology > Sheki > Flashcards

Sheki Flashcards

1
Q

Any technological application that uses biological systems living organisms or derivatives there of to make or modify products or processes for specific use

A

Biotechnology

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2
Q

Deals with the manipulation of the genes of organisms to alter their behavior characteristics or value

A

Biotechnology

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3
Q

It is the manipulation of living organizers or parts of living organisms to make products useful to humans

A

Biotechnology

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4
Q

Human genes are introduced usually by transformation into bacteria and yeast such genetically engineered microorganism have been used to produce such as human insulin human growth hormone human tissue plasminogen activator interferon and hepatitis B vaccine

A

Production of therapeutic proteins

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5
Q

What is the other term for DNA vaccines

A

Gene vaccines

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6
Q

Where does we insert a particular pathogen gene

A

Plasmid

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7
Q

Bacteria can be used as a source of vitamins B2 B7 B9 B12 and K2

A

Production of vitamins

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8
Q

What is vitamin B2

A

Riboflavin

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9
Q

What is vitamin B7

A

Biotin

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10
Q

What is vitamin B9

A

Folic acid

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11
Q

Are examples of antibiotics produced by fungi

A

Penicillin and cephalosporin

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12
Q

Are examples of antibiotics produced by bacteria

A

Bacteriacin floral pinnacle erythromycin streptomycin tetracycline and vancomycin

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13
Q

What are the four microbial metabolites

A

Microbicidal herbicidal insecticidal nematicidal

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14
Q

A soil bacterium that secretes compounds with antifungal antibacterial and insecticidal activities

A

Bacillus subtilis

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15
Q

These are used and the production of alcoholic beverages such as ale beer bourbon brandy cognac rum rye whiskey sake Scotch whiskey vodka and wine

A

Yeast

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16
Q

Are used in the commercial production of amino acids for used in the food industry

A

Microbes

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17
Q

Are used as a source of single cell protein for animal and human consumption

A

Algae and fungi

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18
Q

Microbes can be used in the large scale production of acetic acid acetone butanol citric acid ethanol formic acid glycerol isopropanol and lactic acid

A

Production of chemicals

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19
Q

Microbes have been used in the mining of arsenic cadmium kobalt copper Nicole uranium zinc and other metals bear process known as

A

Leaching or bioleaching

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20
Q

Refers to the use of microorganisms to clean up various types of waste including industrial waste and other pollutants

A

Bio remediation

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21
Q

Two amino acids produced by microbes are used in the artificial sweetener called

A

Aspartame (NutraSweet)

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22
Q

The unlawful use or threatened use of microorganisms or toxins derived from the living organisms to produce depth or disease in humans animals or plants

A

Bioterrorism

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23
Q

The act is intended to create fear and intimidate governments or society in the pursuit of political religious or ideological goals

A

Bioterrorism

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24
Q

It is also known as germ warfare

A

Biological warfare agents

25
Q

Is the use of biological toxins or infectious agents such as bacteria viruses and fungi with intent to kill or incapitate humans animals or plants as an act of war by a state or nation

A

Biological warfare agents

26
Q

What is the other term for biological agents

A

Bio weapons

27
Q

Are living organisms or replicating entities that reproduce or replicate within their host to cause harm

A

Biological agents

28
Q

It involves Mark hemorrhaging in serous effusions in various organs and body cavities in our frequently fatal

A

Anthrax infections

29
Q

What are the three forms of anthrax infection

A

Inhalation gastrointestinal and cutaneous

30
Q

Fluid that has escaped from blood or lymphatic vessels

A

Serous effusion

31
Q

According to CDC a total of how many case of anthrax resulted and how many cases for inhalation anthrax cutaneous anthrax

A

There are 22 cases of anthrax
11 for inhalation 5 fatalities
11 for cutaneous

32
Q

What is the causative agent for anthrax

A

Bacillus anthracis

33
Q

What is the treatment for anthrax

A

Ciprofloxacin penicillin doxycycline

34
Q

Is a potentially fatal microbial intoxication

A

Botulism

35
Q

Botulism is caused by what toxin

A

Botulinal toxin

36
Q

It is a neurotoxin produced by sea botulinum

A

Botulinal toxin

37
Q

It may cause nerve damage visual difficulty respiratory failure flaccid paralysis of voluntary muscles brain damage,

A

Botulinal toxin

38
Q

What is the usual cause of death of botulism

A

Respiratory failure

39
Q

It is a odorless and tasteless and only a tiny quantity of the toxin need be this ingested to cause a potentially fatal case of botulism

A

Botulinal toxin

40
Q

It is a serious contagious and sometimes fatal viral disease patient experience fever molest headache prostration severe back ache

A

Small pox

41
Q

What country is the last naturally occurring case in the world for small pox

A

Somalia

42
Q

What is the causative agent of plague

A

Y. pestis

43
Q

It is predominantly zoonosis and is usually transmitted to humans by flea bite

A

Plague

44
Q

What are the four manifestation of plague

A

Bubonic plague
septicemic plague
pneumonic plague and
plague meningitis

45
Q

It is named for the swollen inflamed and tender lymph nodes that develop

A

Bubonic plague

46
Q

Tender lymph nodes

A

Buboes

47
Q

Which is highly communicable involves the lung you can result in localized outbreaks or devastating epidemics

A

Pneumonic plague

48
Q

It may cause septic shock meningitis or death patient with this plague are depicted

A

Septicemic plague

49
Q

Bio terrorist could disseminate Y. pestis via

A

Aerosols

50
Q

Is the most essential resource necessary for the survival of humanity

A

Water

51
Q

It occurs when industrial installations damp ways products into local waters without proper pre-treatment and when pesticides are used indiscriminatelt

A

Chemical pollution of water

52
Q

Chemicals are expelled in the air and carried to the Earth by rain

A

Acid rain

53
Q

The water remains in a holding tank where additional debris settles to the bottom of the tank the phase l of the process is known as

A

Sedimentation or settling

54
Q

What is added to coagulate smaller pieces of debris which then settle to the bottom

A

Alum- Aluminum potassium sulfate

55
Q

Aluminum potassium sulfate is then added to coagulate smaller pieces of debris which then settle to the bottom this phase is known as

A

Coagulation or flocculation

56
Q

It is added to a final concentration of 0.2 to 1.0 PPM this kills most remaining bacteria

A

Chlorine gas or sodium hypochlorite

57
Q

In the sewage disposal plant large debris is first filtered out called

A

Screening

58
Q

The material that accumulates the bottom of the tank is called what

A

Primary sludge

59
Q

The remaining liquid called secondary effluent is filtered and disinfected usually by what

A

Chlorination

Microbiology (13 decks)

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