PPL Checkride study guide Flashcards
what are the three emergency squawks codes
121.5
7500 - hijak
7600 - lost coms
7700 - emergency
what is the in flight emergency procedure
A - airspeed
B - best place to land
C - checklist
D - declare emergency
E - execute
What is the decide model?
D - detect
E - estimate
C - choose
I - identify
D - do
E - evaluate
What are the 5 P’s
Plan - Cross-country planning, weather, route, fuel, current publications.
Plane - Mechanical issues, equipment on board, avionics capabilities, performance.
Pilot - IMSAFE, fatigue, familiarity with aircraft, experience level
Programming - Familiarity with avionics, verifying correct GPS entries, appropriate level of automation
Passengers - Minimizing distractions, external pressures, using passengers to complete simple tasks.
What are the 5 hazardous attitudes? RAIIM
Macho - I can do it
Impulsivity - do it quickly
Resignation - What’s the use
Anti-Authority Don’t tell me
Invulnerability - It won’t happen to me
What is the Lost procedure?
Climb
Communicate
Confess
Comply
Conserve
what are the four types of fog? RAUS
Radiation
Advection
Upslope
Steam
radiation fog
on cloudless night, land loses heat by radiation and cools. moist air in contact with cooling surface also cools (gold course)
advection fog
warm moist air mass flows over colder surface. air mass is cooled and if temp reduces to below dew point fog forms. (golden gate bridge)
upslope fog
flow of most air along upward sloping terrain
steam fog
cold air flows over warm water. water vapor evaporates and and cools below its dew point
what is a front
a transition zone between two different densities
what is a cold front
leading edge of a cooler mass of air replacing at ground level a warmer mass of air which lies within a fairly sharp surface trough of low pressure.
what is a warm front
the forward edge of an advancing mass of warm air that rises over and replaces a retreating mass of cooler air. as it rises the warm air cools and the water vapor in it condenses usually forming stead rain, sleet or snow.
stable air vs unstable air
if rising air is cooler then its surrounding air it tends to sink back down to its original position because it is more dense (heavier). if it is warmer it will continue to rise (less dense and lighter) and is unstable.
what is an air mass?
a horizontally uniform body of air defined by temp, humidity, pressure and water vapor content. they cover many hundreds or thousands of square miles and adapt to surfaces below them.
what are the types of icing?
Induction -carburetor & fuel injector icing
Structural -
Rime - small supercooled droplets freeze on contact creating mixture of ice particles and air.
Clear - water droplets that are above freezing level become super cooled and gradually freeze as they flow back across the surface leaving smooth hard glossy layer.
mixed - both
What are the special use airspace? MCPRAWN
MOA (check 1st)
CFA (not shown)
Prohibited (Do not go into)
Restricted (get clearance)
Alert
Warning
NSA
An airplane has been loaded in such a manner that the CG is located aft of the aft CG limit. One undesirable flight characteristic a pilot might experience with this airplane would be
difficulty in recovering from a stalled condition.
Which would most likely cause the cylinder head temperature and engine oil temperature gauges to exceed their normal operating ranges?
Using fuel that has a lower-than-specified fuel rating.
What is absolute altitude?
The vertical distance of the aircraft above the surface.
FAA Advisory Circulars containing subject matter specifically related to Air Traffic Control and General Operations are issued under which subject number?
90
When turning onto a taxiway from another taxiway, what is the purpose of the taxiway directional sign?
Indicates designation and direction of taxiway leading out of an intersection.
Warm Front
forward edge of an advancing air mass of warm air that rises over and replaces cooler air. as it rises the warm air cools and water vapor condenses forming rain sleet or snow. moves slow. polar air retreats. major hazard rain falling from warm front to cold front below since the warm front is shallow and creating freezing rain.
Cold Front
leading edge of a cooler air mass (dense high pressure) replacing at ground level a warmer mass of air which lies within a sharp surface trough of low pressure. moves faster than a warm front.
What is a prog chart?
The Prog Chart is really just a surface analysis chart with predicted precipitation added as an overlay (oh, and it is a forecast too, not an observation).
12hr and 24hr forecast Issued every 4hrs
36hr, 48hr, and 60hr forecast are issued twice daily
3-7 day forecasts is issued once daily ~1400Z with a Valid time at 1200Z
Stationary Front
When a front separating a colder airmass from a warmer airmass stalls and remains stationary for an extended period of time. drizzle lasts several days
High Pressure
Good weather
bad viz
clockwise descending air & outward
Low Pressure
bad weather
good viz
counterclockwise, ascending & rotates inward.
Occluded Front
Warm & cold. a front that overtakes another slower front. Cold: Cold front catches up and overtakes a warm front. Warm: cold air overtakes retreating colder air
Stratus
thin solid and rain
cumulus
popcorn, unstable, turbulence below. can grow and become cumulonimbus thunderstorm
virga
rain falling and evaporating before hitting the ground. air is dry absorbing moisture falling. air is rapidly warming and evaporating so air below sinks rapidly (6,000fpm)
What ingredients are needed for a thunderstorm?
Moist air
unstable lapse rate
lifting action
Lenticular clouds
wind blowing across top of mountain. pushes up in windward side then pulls down on downwind side. pressure drops & temp drops forcing moisture in air to condense and form clouds. 40kts winds.