phase 2 GU

Question 1

what type of hyprsensitivtity is npehiric syndrome

Answer 1

3

Question 2

what hypersensitivtiy is good pastures

Answer 2

2

Question 3

testicular torsion pathophysiology

Answer 3

Spermatic cord twists around itself (1), reducing testicular arterial blood flow; risk of ischaemia and necrosis

Question 4

definitive treatment for testicular torsion

Answer 4

Surgical exploration Within 24h

90% more successful if within 6 hours

Question 5

risk factors for CKD

Answer 5

T2DM, hypertension, glomerulonephritis, NSAID use, PKD

Question 6

tumour marker for testicular cancer

Answer 6

Alpha feto-protein (AFP)

Question 7

is Enlarged Prostate a symptom of pyelonpehritis

Answer 7

no

Question 8

90% of renal cancers

Answer 8

Renal cell carcinoma accounts for 90% of renal cancers.

Question 9

renal cell carcnoma symptoms

Answer 9

loin pain, anorexia, malaise, weight loss, varicocele, enlarged lymph node

Question 10

what can cause hypertension in renal cell carcinoma

Answer 10

Due to renin secretion which causes an increase in blood pressure due to the RAAs system

Question 11

What scoring system is used to stage renal cell carcinoma (

Answer 11

TNM

Question 12

investigation that would be used to stage his diagnosis - RENAL CELL CARCINOMA

Answer 12

CT/MRI

Question 13

define hydrocele

Answer 13

It is the abnormal collection of fluid within the remnants of the processus vaginalis.

Question 14

What is the first line management of a hydrocele?

Answer 14

Watch and wait i.e., expectant management as most resolve by the age of 2 years spontaneously

Question 16

when would u need surgery for hydrocele

Answer 16

If there appears to be an inguinal hernia, then surgery would be appropriate

Question 17

how to diagnose testuclar torsion

Answer 17

clinical

Question 18

treatment for textisuclar torsion

Answer 18

Surgery, it is called a manual detorsion REMEMBER: time is testicle so this needs to be done ASAP

Question 19

complication of testciular torsuin

Answer 19

Infarction of the testicle, infertility although this is rare as there should be another functioning
testicle.

Question 20

. What class of medication can be
used to counteract urge incntonice

Answer 20

. What class of medication can be
used to counteract this

Question 21

main treatment for nephortic

Answer 21

Glucocorticoids. Adjuncts of ACE inhibitors and prophylactic anticoagulation

Question 22

describe osmotic diuretics

Answer 22

Proximal tubule, loop of Henle, collecting duct, inhibition of
water and Na+ reabsorption

Question 23

As CKD progresses kidney function begins to reduce, what hormone secretion might begin to reduce?

Answer 23

Vitamin D, erythropoietin

Question 24

first line treatment in ckd

Answer 24

ACE inhibitors –

Question 25

investigations for post strep glomerulonpehritis

Answer 25

Blood Tests – kidney function + eGFR

Urinalysis – blood & protein

Biopsy – presence of dead bacterial cell + antibodies causing inflammation in glomerulus
USS

Question 26

signs & symptoms picked up from a patient with chronic kidney disease.

Answer 26

Itchy
Tired,
Swelling in arms and legs
Increased need to pee

Question 27

What medications are given to patients with ANCA positive disease?

Answer 27

Corticosteroids + Rituximab

Question 28

why is contact tracing important for sti

Answer 28

prevent the infection of others, prevent re-infection of the index patient, prevent
complications in asymptomatic contacts, it aids the identification of people less likely to
present for screening

Question 29

neissiera gonhorrea treatment

Answer 29

ceftriaxone and azithromycin