Block 15 drug list

Question 1

Diphenoxylate

Answer 1

Drug Class: Anti-diarrheal medication

MOA:
Diphenoxylate is an opiate receptor agonists that stimulate mu receptors in GI to decrease the peristalsis and constrict the sphincters. Diphenoxylate has a direct effect on circular smooth muscle of the bowel, that conceivably results in segmentation and prolongation of gastrointestinal transit time.

Question 2

Loperamide

Answer 2

Drug Class: Long acting anti-diarrheal

Indication: non-specific diarrohea and chronic diarrohea

MOA:
Loperamide acts on the mu-opioid receptor expressed on the circular and longitudinal intestinal muscle
Loperamide inhibits the release of acetylcholine and prostaglandins,8 thereby reducing propulsive peristalsis and increasing intestinal transit time

Question 3

Kaolin

Answer 3

Drug class: Natural

Indication: diarrohea, skin dryness and minor bleeding

MOA:
Kaolin adsorbs water, toxins and bacteria, contributing to firmer stools, reducing fluid loss from diarrhea.

Question 4

Ispaghula Husk

Answer 4

Indication: Constipation

Question 5

Lactulose

Answer 5

Drug Class: Laxative

Indication: chronic constipation

Question 6

Bisacodyl

Answer 6

Drug Class: stimulant laxative

Indication: Occasional constipation and cleansing of colon

MOA:
Bisacodyl is deacetylated to the active bis-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-pyridyl-2-methane (BHPM) by an intestinal deacetylase.4,5,6 BHPM can stimulate parasympathetic nerves in the colon directly to increase motility and secretions.5

Question 7

Docusate

Answer 7

Drug class: Stool softener

Indication: Constipation associated with dry hard stools, and opiod induced constipation

Question 8

Allopurinol

Answer 8

Drug class: for gout

Indication: prophylaxis of gout

MOA: reduces urinary and serum uric acid levels by inhibiting xanthine oxidase

Question 9

Hydrocortisone

Answer 9

Weak steroid

Question 10

Betamethasone

Answer 10

Strong steroid

Question 11

Fludrocortisone

Answer 11

Drug class: Mineralocorticoid

Indication: adrenocortical insufficiency

Question 12

Beclomethasone

Answer 12

Inhaled corticosteroid