Chapter 8 - musculoskeletal system Flashcards
Contractile proteins
- refers to
- size
- example
Refers to myofilament proteins within muscle cells that are responsible for muscle contraction. They never get smaller they just change how over lapped they are which contracts the myofibril.
Myosin and Actin
Agonist
Muscle that causes the desired action. Referred to as the prime mover.
Antagonist - example
Muscle that has an action opposite to the prime mover. Antagonist to the triceps is the biceps
Antagonist pair
Muscles are always grouped in pairs called antagonists as they have opposite actions to enable them to produce coordinated and controlled movements around joints.
Belly
Fleshy portion in the middle of a muscle
Cardiac muscle
- function
Muscle that forms the wall of the heart. Heart beating that pumps the blood in the heart
Connective tissue
Tissue that provides support for body organs
Characteristics of skeletal muscle
Excitable – stimulated to do something through nerve impulses
Contractible – able to shorten to generate force
Extensible – can be stretched out of shape without damage
Elastic – after stretched out of shape it will return to original length
Fixator
Type of synergist. It is a Muscle that contracts to immobilize a joint
Flexion
Movement that decreases the angle between articulating bones.
Insertion
End of a muscle fixed to a movable bone
Involuntary muscle
Not under conscious control
Joint
Connection between two bones
Ligament
Fibrous tissue that attaches one bone to another
Muscle tone
- maintains posture
Maintaining partial contraction of skeletal muscles. At any time some muscle fibres are contracted while others are relaxed. Fibres take turns to contract which means the contractions can be kept up for long periods of time. Posture is maintained by the muscle tone in the back and neck.