Lecture 13 Protists

Question 1

Domain Eukarya

Answer 1

Have nucleus, organelles, unicellular or multicellular

Question 2

Domain Archea

Answer 2

Unicellular (all)
Extremophiles

Question 3

Domain Bacteria

Answer 3

all unicellular
includes pathogens
ancestors to mitochondria + chloroplasts

Question 4

Endosymbiosis

Answer 4

ancestral archean + Aerobic bacterium
heterotrophic bacterium + photosynthetic
Photosynthetic eukaryotes

Question 5

Protist Diversity: cells and nutrient

Answer 5

Mostly unicellular- Some colonial and multicellular
nutrition: photoautotrophs
heterotrphs
mixotrophs

Question 6

Nutrition

Answer 6

Photoautotrophs: sunlight to make sugars
Heterotrophs: absorb/ingest food
MIxotrophs: do both

Question 7

Protist ecological diversity

Answer 7

Mostly aquatic can be terrestrial (damp soil)

Question 8

Win-win symbiotic Relationship

Answer 8

mutually beneficial
photosynthetic protist + coral
termites + heterotrophic protist

Question 9

Win- loose symbiotic relationships

Answer 9

that causes malane

Question 10

Decomposers

Answer 10

Orgs that eat dead organic matter
nutrient recyclers

Question 11

Producers

Answer 11

organisms that does photosynthesis
-form base of food webs, eaten by consumers

Question 12

PSN %

Answer 12

30% of al PSN = protists
20% of all PSN = bacteria
50 % of all PSN = plants

Question 13

Primary Endosymbiosis

Answer 13

Prokaryote + Prok= euk
1) early heterotrophic eukaryote engulfed a photosynthetic bacterium
2) early PSN eukaryote
3) diverged to give red + green algae (differ in PSN pigments)

Question 14

Algae

Answer 14

PSN protist

Question 15

Secondary endosymbiosis

Answer 15

heterotrophic eukaryote engulfing a PSn eukaryote
euk + euk = euk

Question 16

How many super groups are there in Protist

Answer 16

4

Question 17

Protist Diversity Parameters

Answer 17

of cells: unicellular or multicellular
nutrition: heterotrophic, autotrophic, Mixotrophic
Motile: capable of movement (clilia, falgella , pseudopods) vs sessile

Question 18

Protist Diversity

Answer 18

Exacavates, SAR, Archeaplastida, Unikonts

Question 19

Giardia instestinalis (excavata)

Answer 19

Unicellular
heterotrophic
motile flagella
Ecological importance: parasites, mammal small intestine
interesting features : 2 distinct forms ( 1 active 2- dormant)

Question 20

Euglena (excavata )

Answer 20

of cells: unicellular
mixotrophic, pigement= chlorophyll
Motile: yes, flagella
ecological importance: producers in fresh/salt water
interesting features : eye spot detects light

Question 21

Diatoms (Sar)

Answer 21

of cells: unicellular
mode of nutrition: autotrophs, glass-like cell wall, pigments= chlorophyll
Motile: yes, “glide” don’t swim
Ecological importance: most abundant PSN orgs in oceans and lakes
interesting features : store excess sugar as oil droplets

Question 22

Brown Algae (SAR)

Answer 22

of cells: multicellular

Mode of nutrition: autotrophs, cell wall= cellulose, pigments- chlorophylls
Motile= sessile
ecological importance: thrive in cold water, create ecosystem

Question 22

Dinoflagellates (SAR)

Answer 22

of cells: unicellular
mode of nutrition: any all, cell wall = cellulose, pigments= chlorophyll
Motile: flagella (2)
ecological importance: phytoplankton , over abundance = red algae
interesting features : some capable of bioluminescence

Question 23

Red Algae (archeaplastida)

Answer 23

of cells: multicellular
made of nutrition: autotrophic, cell-wall=cellulose
motile: NO
Ecological importance: Baswe of food chain/web
interesting features : Japanese “nori”

Question 24

Green Algae (archeaplastida)

Answer 24

of cells: either (uni & multi)
made of nutrition: autotrophs
Motile: generally, no but volvox =flagella
Ecological importance: base of food chain fresh or marine
interesting features: colony = 500-60,000
volvox can reporduce sexually or aesexually

Question 25

Amoeba (unikonta)

Answer 25

of cell : unicellular

mode of nutrition: heterotrophic= parasites +predators
Motile: yes–> pseudopods
ecological importance: nutrient recycling: water /soil/ sir decomposers
interesting features: engulf prey via phagocytosis

Question 26

Plasmodial slime molds ( unikonta)

Answer 26

of cells: unicellular with multiple nuclei
Mode of nutrition: heterotrophs
motile: pseudopods
ecological importance: soil decomposers
interesting features: intelligent , capable of solving mazes