final exam medication Flashcards
Which of the following is not true regarding with the use of silver sulfadiazine?
a. The nurse should teach the patient to check for skin rash frequently during therapy.
b. The nurse should teach the patient to discard the medication if it becomes dark.
c. The nurse should teach the patient that itching, rash, and skin discoloration are normal side effects. The patient should continue the therapy.
d. The nurse should teach the patient to wear gloves when applying the cream.
c.
Rash, itching, pain, skin discoloration, and skin necrosis maybe adverse side effects. Steven Johnson Syndrome is a life threatening situation that patient must stop using the medication.
Which of the following is false regarding trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole?
a. The nurse should inspect IV site frequently due to phlebitis is a common side effect of this medication.
b. The nurse should stop the medication if noticing rash development during therapy.
c. The nurse should teach the patient to finish the course of the medication even they feel better.
d. The nurse should teach the patient to drink 1L of water during the therapy.
d.
Because the medication may cause crystalluria, the nurse should teach the patient to drink 2-3L of water a day during therapy.
Common side effects of this medication include:
1. c-diff
2. n/v
c. phlebitis at IV site
Which of the following is true regarding Ciprofloxacin?
a. Patient should drink 1L of fluid during therapy.
b. If patient is treated for gonorrhea with this medication, his/her partner is safe and doesn’t need to be treated.
c. Patient should call the doctor if feeling itching and noticing yellowing of the sclera.
d. foul-smelling stools and vaginal itching or discharge is common side effect of the medication, patient should ignore the symptom and continue the therapy.
c.
Ciprofloxacin is a medication under fluoroquinolone. It carries a lot of side effects including hepatotoxicity, crystalluria, superinfection, photosensitivity, phlebitis, vaginitis, tendinitis, elevated intracranial pressure, peripheral neuropathy, seizures, and suicidal thoughts.
Which of the following side effects the nurse need to take immediate action in a patient who is taking levofloxacin?
a. Patient who complaint of nauseated feeling.
b. Patient who develop a red spot under his arm.
c. Patient who complaint of pain on the IV site.
d. Patient who complaint of pain on his tendon.
b.
Levofloxacin is part of fluoroquinolone which carry many side effects include crystalluria, hepatotoxicity, elevated intracranial pressure, seizures, suicidal thought, photosensitivity, phlebitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, Superinfection, tendinitis, vaginitis.
A red spot maybe a sign of SJS, a life threatening situation. The nurse need to stop the medication and call the MD.
phlebitis and tendinitis may cause pain and discomfort to the patient, however, SJS is more serious.
Which is the most important assessment should the nurse perform prior to administering amoxicillin?
a. assessing the patient’s culture and sensitivity result.
b. assessing the patient’s BUN and creatinine level.
c. assessing the patient’s allergy
d. Check if patient’s meal has come, so the nurse can administer the medication with the food.
c.
Amoxicillin is penicillin based medication. Anaphylaxis and allergy reaction had been reported many times in the past. anaphylaxis is a life threatening situation. It must be assessed first prior to administration.
amoxicillin can be administered without regard to meals.
Which of the following should the nurse provide during teaching in regard of phenazopyridine?
a. The patient needs to finish the medication as prescribed even he/she feels better.
b. The patient should stop the medication if the urine become reddish-orange color.
c. the patient should wear sanitary napkin while on this medication.
d. The patient should take this medication with empty stomach and a full glass of water.
c.
Phenazopyridine is a urinary tract analgesics. It is used to relieve pain, itch, burning, urgency, frequency during episode of UTI. Often time, this medication may be given together with an antibiotics. the nurse should teach the patient to discontinue the medication once he/she feels better, but must finish the antibiotics medication as prescribed.
The medication needs to be administered with food or following food to reduce GI irritation.
Orange-reddish urine is due to the dye in the medication. It is a common side effect. However, patient should use sanitary pads to avoid staining on clothing or bedsheet.
Which of the following statement regarding allopurinol is incorrect?
a. The nurse should immediately stop the medication at the first sign of rash.
b. The nurse should encourage fluid intake of 2-3 liter during the therapy.
c. NSAIDs can be used along with this medication.
d. The nurse should implement high vitamin C food during the therapy.
d.
Allopurinol is an antihyperuricemic drug. Increase Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) or other acid will increase incidence of kidney stone. Instead, patient should eat alkaline diet and reduce purine intake (organ meats, seafood especially fish, alcohol, meats).
Increase fluid intake can help flush out the kidney stone. During the gout attack or pain, patient should take allopurinol along with NSAIDs or colchicine. this medication can cause Stevens-Johnson syndrome, a life threatening situation. The nurse should stop the medication at the first sign of rash.
It also can cause drowsiness. Strongly advise patient not to drive.
A patient is diagnosed of kidney stones and was prescribed of a diuretic medication. The patient asked the nurse what is the reason since he doesn’t have any blood pressure issue.
a. “Furosemide can remove excess fluid in your blood to reduce the size of the kidney stone.”
b. “hydrochlorothiazide reabsorb the calcium into blood, less calcium will be in your urine to form the stone.”
c. “Spironolactone known to increase serum potassium to reduce the formation of kidney stone.”
d. “Although you don’t have blood pressure issue, diuretics can protect your kidney.”
b.
hydrochlorothiazide works at the distal convoluting tubule in the kidney to exchange sodium with the calcium. calcium will be reabsorbed back to the blood, while sodium and water will be excreted out from the urine. since there is less calcium in the urine, less likely will have kidney stone formation.
Which of the following are correct teaching of instillation of BCG treatment for bladder cancer? Select all that apply.
a. Patient must be NPO for 4-6 hours prior to the procedure.
b. Patient must retain the solution for 2 hours before voiding.
c. Patient should not drink water after the procedure to avoid diluting the solution.
d. Patient will receive this treatment weekly for 6 week initially.
e. The nurse should administer analgesic prior to procedure due to burning and pain.
b and d
Patient can eat before the procedure and encourage to drink a lot of fluid after the procedure. This will help flush the medication out from the bladder when the treatment is done. Once the medication is instill into the bladder, the patient must keep the medication in the bladder for 2 hours. This treatment is weekly for 6 weeks; then 3 week treatment interval for 3 months. There is no pain or burning during this procedure, no analgesic is required.
Flavoxate is to:
a. decrease the size of the prostate
b. urinary tract infection
c. to relax the urinary smooth muscle and to relieve difficulty urination.
d. to reduce stress incontinence.
c.
Flavoxate is an antispasmodic medication. Patient with bladder spasms who report urgency, feeling fullness in the bladder is benefits to take this medication or oxybutynin (an anticholinergic) medication.
A patient with overactive bladder and was prescribed with Oxybutynin. What teaching should the nurse include? Select all that apply.
a. “Drink about 2-3 liters of fluid intake a day.”
b. “Don’t drive or operate machinery after you take this medication.”
c. “Avoid exercise in a warm environment.”
d. “Wear sunglasses and sunscreen lotion when you are outdoor.”
e. “You need to call the provider immediately if you produce 50mL or less of urine in 2 hours.”
a, b, c, e
Oxybutynin is an anticholinergic medication that relieve overactive bladder, it decrease the frequency, urgency, urge incontinence, and nocturia.
Patient need to drink a lot of fluid to prevent hypotension, and avoid exercise in a warm environment. The medication can cause dizziness and drowsiness, caution patient to drive after taking the medication. The adverse side effect is urinary retention. The patient need to call the MD immediately. since everything is dry, patient may need to instill lubricant eye drops and frequent oral care.
It does not cause photosensitivity.
Which of the following statement is true about alfuzosin? Select all that apply.
a. Alfuzosin is to treat UTI.
b. Patient may have erectile dysfunction when they are on this medication.
c. Patient should avoid sudden position changes.
d. Patient can take sildenafil to correct the erectile issue along with alfuzosin.
e. Patient to expects increase urine flow with this medication.
b, c, and e.
Alfuzosin is a selective alpha-1 antagonist. It relax the bladder neck and prostate to allow urine flow in patient with BPH. Alpha1 antagonist will cause hypotension, as a result, patient should avoid sudden position changes. They may have headache, dizziness, and erectile dysfunction. Sildenafil is the generic name of viagra. It will cause vasodilation which lead to hypotension. As a result, do not use sildenafil in patient who take alfuzosin.
which of the following situation require further teaching?
a. A new graduate nurse is administering the first dose of doxazosin to a patient at 10am.
b. A new graduate nurse is teaching the patient to change the position slowly.
c. A new graduate nurse is checking the vital signs 2 hours after administering of doxazosin.
d. A new graduate nurse teach patient not to take any OTC medication without consulting the doctor first.
a.
Doxazosin known to cause first-dose orthostatic hypotension. As a result, this medication should be administer at bedtime since patient will be sleeping which reduce the incidence of fall.
Due to hypotension, patient should be taught to change position slowly. The nurse should check the vital signs especially the blood pressure at least 2 hours after taking the medication. OTC medication may interfere with the medication effects.
Which is the following indicate a further teaching?
a. “I shouldn’t drive after taking tamsulosin.”
b. “Tamsulosin will help my ‘dribbing’ issue.”
c. “I may feel headache after taking tamsulosin.”
d. “I can take sildenafil when I need for intimacy with my partner while I am on tamsulosin.”
d.
Tamsulosin is a selective alpha1 antagonist. This medication is given to relax the bladder neck and prostate to promote urine flow. The side effects include headache, dizziness, and orthostatic hypotension. It may also cause erectile problem. Sildenafil is viagra which promote vasodilation which lower the blood pressure. As a result, patient should avoid taking sildenafil while he is on tamsulosin.
Which of the following indicates a further teaching regarding the medication finasteride?
a. “This medication will shrink the prostate.”
b. “The doctor will perform digital rectal exam on me before and during this therapy.”
c. “It is normal that my breast enlarge and nipple discharge during this therapy.”
d. “I am aware that the ejaculation volume will decrease.”
c.
gynecomastia is one of the side effect of finasteride. The patient needs to contact the MD if he feels lumpy, pain, enlarge, and nipple discharge. Finasteride also increase risk of prostate cancer. To ensure the medication works and to rule out prostate cancer, the patient will be monitored closely with DRE before and during the therapy. Finasteride inhibit an enzyme to convert testosterone. Without much testosterone in the body, the BPH will shrink. this medication can cause decrease ejaculation volume.
