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BOTANY > FINALS LEC > Flashcards

FINALS LEC Flashcards

1
Q

The other structural axis for the plant after the roots

A

STEM

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2
Q

Holds buds which can grow into leaves, flowers, cone branches and etc,.

A

NODE

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3
Q

Spaces between the node

A

INTERNODE

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4
Q

Stalk that extends from the stem to the base of the leaf

A

PETIOLE

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5
Q

Embryonic shoot that lies at the junction of the stem and petiole that gives rise to a branch or flower

A

AXILLARY BUD

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6
Q

Pith

A

Storage

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7
Q

Contains plants lateral meristem, produces xylem and phloem and responsible for increasing width

A

VASCULAR CAMBIUM

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8
Q

Produces tissues of periderm

A

CORK CAMBIUM

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9
Q

Epidermis, the region outside the cork cambium. It is produced from the cork cambium and it serves as the protection from the environment

A

PERIDERM

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10
Q

Occurs at the apical tips of the stem by virtue of rapidly dividing meristematic tissue in these regions of the stem

A

PRIMARY GROWTH

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11
Q

The increase in the thickness of the stem by virtue of lateral meristem

A

SECONDARY GROWTH

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12
Q

The study of the annual growth of the trees, is the only method of paleo environmental research that produces proxy data of consistently annual resolution.

A

DENDROCHRONOLOGY

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13
Q

The storage hub of plants, they are derived from the tissues of the stem and grow under the soil. Modified plants.

A

UNDERGROUND STEM

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14
Q

Types of Underground Stem

A

RHIZOMES
TUBER
BULB
CORM

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15
Q

A thickened underground stem that has distinct nodes and internodes and scaly leaves at the nodes

A

RHIZOMES

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16
Q

A horizontal underground stem that becomes enlarged at its growing tips due to the accumulation of stored food, commonly starch.

A

TUBERS

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17
Q

A short underground stem with fleshy base and leafy scales. The stem is actually reduced to form a disk-like structure.

A

BULBS

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18
Q

A short, vertical, swollen underground stem of a plant that serves as a storage organ to enable the plant to survive adverse conditions

A

CORM

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19
Q

TYPES OF STEM

A

UNDERGROUND STEM
AERIAL STEM
SUB-AERIAL STEM

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20
Q

This type of stem is found above the ground and perform varied functions. Have characteristics erect or vertical growth.

A

AERIAL STEM

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21
Q

TYPES OF AERIAL STEM

A

THORNS
TENDRIL
CLADODE
PHYLLOCLADE
BULBIL

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22
Q

Vegetative buds or floral bud fall on the ground to propagate a new plant

A

VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION

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23
Q

FUNCTIONS OF AERIAL STEM

A

VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION
CLIMBING
SUPPORT
STORAGE OF FOOD
PROTECTION
PREVENT TRANSPIRATION

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24
Q

These stem modifications appear as hard, woody, and sharp outgrowth that protect the plant

A

THORNS

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25
Q

These type of stem are slender, twining strands that enable a plant to seek support while climbing on other surfaces

A

TENDRIL

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26
Q

This type of stem is a green, flattened or cylindrical one that resembles a leaf.

A

PHYLLOCLADE

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27
Q

A modification of a phylloclade where it contains one or more internode

A

CLADODE

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28
Q

This kind of modification is in which half of the plant grows above the ground and the rest grows below the ground

A

SUB-AERIAL STEM

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29
Q

TYPES OF SUB-AERIAL STEM

A

RUNNER
STOLON
OFFSET
SUCKER

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30
Q

It grows parallel to the ground and has a creeping stem with long internodes

A

RUNNER

31
Q

These are shorter and thicker than the runner and are often seen in aquatic plants

A

OFFSET

32
Q

It is similar to a runner but arises from the lower part to the main axis

A

STOLON

33
Q

Similar to the stolon but it grows obliquely upwards and gives rise to a new plant

A

SUCKER

34
Q

Usually the flat photosynthetic part of the blade.

A

LEAF BLADE (LAMINA)

35
Q

It is the stalk-like structure that connects the lead blade to the stem

A

PETIOLE

36
Q

Small flap-like structures that grows at the base of the petiole

A

STIPULES

37
Q

The lamina of the leaf blade is undivided, even if there are small divisions they do not reach the midrib and divide the lamina.

A

SIMPLE LEAF

38
Q

The leaf blade is divided from the midrib into two or more parts. Sometimes these divided parts function as separate leaves.

A

COMPOUND LEAF

39
Q

Leaves are twice divided; the leaflets are arranged along a secondary vein, which is one several vein branching off the middle vein.

A

BIPINNATELY COMPOUND LEAF

40
Q

Has its leaflets radiating outward from the end of the petiole, like fingers off the palm of a hand.

A

PALMATE

41
Q

A leaf which is divided into smaller leaflets arranged on each side of the leaf’s central stalk/rachis (axis)

A

PINNATE

42
Q

Each leaf arises from a separate node on the stem at different levels

A

ALTERNATE

43
Q

Several leaves are present at the same level around the stem.

A

WHORLED

44
Q

It is the term used to describe the arrangement of veins in a leaf lamina

A

LEAF VENATION

45
Q

In this type of venation, veins form a network.

A

RETICULATE VENATION

46
Q

In this type of venation, veins run parallel to each other.

A

PARALLEL VENATION

47
Q

Each leaf arises from a separate node on the stem at different levels

A

ALTERNATE

48
Q

Each node gives rise to two leaves, one on each side placed oppositely

A

OPPOSITE

49
Q

Several leaves are present at the same level around the stem giving it a whorled appearance.

A

WHORLED

50
Q

Tells about the pattern of veins and veinlets is the leaf lamina.

A

LEAF VENATION

51
Q

Generally present in dicotyledonous plants, in this type of venation, veinlets form a network.

A

RETICULATE VENATION

52
Q

Generally a characteristic of monocotyledonous plants, veins run parallel to each other.

A

PARALLEL VENATION

53
Q

A compressed shoot bearing floral leaves

A

FLOWER

54
Q

Male reproductive system of a flower.

A

STAMEN

55
Q

Produces pollen grain which develops stem.

A

ANTHER

56
Q

Support to anther

A

FILAMENT

57
Q

The female reproductive part of a plant

A

PISTIL

58
Q

Sticky pollen receptive part of the pistil

A

STIGMA

59
Q

Stalk of the pistil down which the pollen tube grows.

A

STYLE

60
Q

Contains ovules and becomes the fruit

A

OVARY

61
Q

Becomes the seed when sperm cell fertilize the egg cell

A

OVULE

62
Q

Colorful part of a flower used to attract insect and birds

A

PETAL

63
Q

Protects the bud of a young flower

A

SEPAL/CALYX

64
Q

Reproductive parts of a plant are attached here.

A

RECEPTACLE

65
Q

Provides the stem and leaves with water and dissolved minerals from soil

A

ROOTS

66
Q

Flowers with one or more whorls of floral leaves missing

A

INCOMPLETE FLOWER

67
Q

Has both stamens and carpels, and may described as bisexual.

A

PERFECT FLOWER

68
Q

A unisexual flower is one in which either the stamens or the carpels (pistil) are missing.

A

IMPERFECT FLOWER

69
Q

Having only functional stamens, thus male.

A

STAMINATE

70
Q

Having only functional pistil, thus female.

A

PISTILLATE

71
Q

Staminate and pistillate flowers on the same plant.

A

MONOECIOUS

72
Q

Staminate and pistillate flowers on different plants.

A

DIOECIOUS

73
Q

Flowers with all their flower parts are the same in size and shape.

A

REGULAR FLOWERS

BOTANY (4 decks)

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