Process Industries (Set 1) Flashcards
A survey of different chemical process industries, focusing on raw materials, processes, and products.
Oxidation of SO2to SO3is favoured by
low temperature and high pressure.
Gun powder, which is an explosive comprises of charcoal, sulphur and
salt petre
Starting raw material for the manufacture of alum is
bauxite
Salt cake is chemically represented by
Na2SO4
Which of the following sugars is the sweetest?
Fructose
Paper pulp produced by kraft/sulphate process is
strong fibrous
Claude process of gas liquefaction employs
adiabatic expansion against a piston or in a turbine.
The main use of HCl is in the
drilling of petroleum wells and pickling of steel sheets.
The gasification reaction represented by, C + H2O = CO + H2, is a/an ____ reaction.
endothermic
Viscose rayon is chemically
regenerated cellulose acetate
All enzymes are made of
proteins
The combustion reaction, C + O2= CO2, is
exothermic
Styrene is produced from ethyl benzene by the process of
dehydrogenation
Gelatine which is a nitrogenous organic protein is obtained by the hydrolysis of
callagen
The chamber process is
none of these.
Sucrose content in the raw juice extracted from sugar cane is about ____ percent.
15 - 20
Fusel oil is a/an
mixture of higher molecular weight alcohols (a by-product obtained during production of alcohol from molasses).
Styrene-butadiene-rubber (SBR) as compared to natural rubber has
all (a), (b) and (c).
Co-efficient of thermal expansion of glass is decreased by the addition of ____ during its manufacture.
ZnO
The catalyst used in the manufacture of DDT (from chloral and chlorobenzene) is
oleum
Haemoglobin is a/an
protein
Epoxy resin
is a good adhesive.
Concentration of NaOH solution produced by mercury electrolytic cell is about ____ percent.
50
Which of the following is the most adverse factor challenging the choice of mercury electrolytic cell process for the production of caustic soda?
Pollution of water stream by mercury.
Esterification reaction produces
soap
Wood charcoal is used for decolouration of sugar, because it ____ the coloured materials.
adsorbs
Producer gas consists mainly of
CO, CO2N2, H2
Neoprene is the trade name of
polychloroprene
Hard water
is not unfit for drinking purpose.
Which of the following is an organo-metal-lic compound ?
Tetra-ethyl lead
Sulphur addition in soap is done to
cure pimples & dandruff.
Phosphate rock is a raw material for the manufacture of
all (a), (b) and (c)
Mineral oils (e.g. petroleum oils) are preferred over fatty oils (e.g. mustard oil, ghee, tallow, palm oil, olive oil etc.) as a lubricant due to its
all (a), (b) and (c).
Which of the following is not a raw material used for the manufacture of ordinary glass?
Iron oxide
Esterification reaction
all (a), (b) and (c).
In sulphate pulp manufacture, the pressure and temperature in the digestor is
10 atm., 170-180°C
Zeolite removes both temporary as well as permanent hardness of water by precipitating calcium and magnesium present in water as insoluble zeolites. Used zeolite is regenerated by flushing with the solution of
sodium chloride
Pick out the endothermic reaction out of the following.
CaCO3= CaO + CO2
Pasteurisation of milk means
killing of organisms present in it by heating it at controlled temperature without changing its natural characteristics.
Fusion of bauxite and ____ produces high alumina cement.
limestone
____ process is used for the manufacture of sodium carbonate by ammonia soda process.
Solvay
Polycaprolactum is commercially known as
nylon-6
Frasch process is for
mining sulphur
Very fine suspended and colloidal impurities are removed from water by a process called
coagulation
Pitch (a product of coal tar distillation) is always mixed with creosote oil, when it is to be burnt in a burner, because
it reduces viscosity and imparts fluidity for its transportation through pipelines at economic pressure drop.
Which is the main reducing agent during production of iron from iron ore in a blast furnace ?
CO
The drug used in contraceptives is
mestranol
Raw materials used for producing ____ cement does not contain iron oxide.
white
In the Lurgi coal gasifier
large quantity of coal can be processed.
Neon gas is
used in color discharge tube.
Calgon used in water treatment is chemically
sodium hexametaphosphate
Which oil is preferred for paint manufacture ?
Drying oil
Styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) is
a synthetic polymer.
Ethylene oxide is produced by oxidation of ethylene in presence of AgO catalyst at
5 atm & 275°C
Glycerine is not used in the
none of these.
Cumene is the starting material for the production of
phenol and acetone
The type of high refractive index glass used in optical instruments is ____ glass.
flint
Oxidation of ortho-xylene in presence of ____ catalyst is done to produce phthalic anhydride on commercial scale.
vanadium
Most commonly used rubber vulcanising agent is
sulphur
Terylene is
both (a) & (b)
Free alkali in a toilet soap is ____ that in a laundary shop.
less than
Dehydrogenation of isopropanol produces
acetone
Pick out the wrong statement.
Tarnish inhibitor (e.g., benzotriazole) is added in soap to facilitate the removal of stains due to tea, blood etc.
Concentration of hydrogen peroxide is done by
vacuum crystallisation
Helium is produced on commercial scale from
natural gas
Fermentation of molasses to produce ethyl alcohol is done at ____ °C
20 - 30
The catalyst used in the manufacture of DDT is
20% oleum.
Most widely and commonly used coagulant for the removal of suspended impurities in water is
alum
____ is used as a catalyst in fat splitting.
ZnO
Which of the following is not produced on commercial scale from sea water?
Sodium sulphate.
Heating of ____ to 120°C, produces plaster of paris.
gypsum
Pick out the wrong statement.
Decomposition of sulphuric acid on heating does not start before its boiling.
Which of the following has sodium bicarbonate as its main constituent ?
Baking powder
Ordinary glass is not a/an
material with sharp definite melting point.
In premitive days, ____ was being manufactured by Leblanc Process.
soda ash
The only commercial Fischer-Tropsch plant for producing liquid hydrocarbon fuel from coal is located at
SASOL (in South Africa).
Lurgi coal gasifier is a pressurised ____ bed reactor.
moving
Oils are partially hydrogenated (not fully) to manufacture vanaspati, because fully saturated solidified oils
cause cholesterol build up and blood clotting.
Paper grade bamboo contains about ____ percent cellulose.
5
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is added in detergents to act as a/an
anti soil redeposition agent
Vulcanisation of rubber
converts its plasticity into elasticity.
Raw materials for ‘Solvay Process’ for manufacture of the soda ash are
salt, limestone and coke or gas.
Chloral is used in the manufacture of
DDT
Bromine is used in the preparation of
all (a), (b) and (c).
Sudden temperature fluctuation does not affect pyrex glass, because of its
low co-efficient of expansion.
The process used for the manufacture of ethyl alcohol from molasses is
none of these
Most easily and cheaply available fibrous raw material for paper manufacture available in India is bamboo. The yield of pulp produced from fibrous raw material by mechanical process is about ____ percent.
< 10
Absorption of SO
exothermic
____ process is used for the commercial production of nitric acid by the catalytic oxidation of ammonia.
Ostwald’s
Sulphuric acid solution having a specific gravity of 1.20 at room temperature is used mainly for the
car battery solution
The catalyst used in the production of elemental sulphur from H2S (by oxidation-reduction) is
alumina
A good quality coal should have
none of these
Zeolite used in water softening process (cation exchange) is regenerated by washing with
brine
The catalyst used in shift converter is
nickel
Which of the following is a detergent ?
Alkyl benzene sulphonate
Drinking (potable) water treatment does not involve
softening
Phenol formaldehyde resin is used as an adhesive in making
laminates
Pick out the correct statement.
All vegetable oils except coconut oil, contains fatty acids having more than sixteen carbon atoms.
DDT should not be allowed to come in contact with iron (during its manufacture) to
avoid its decomposition.
Catalyst used in the manufacture of sulphuric acid by chamber & contact processes are respectively
oxides of nitrogen & V
DDT stands for
dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane.
Phosphoric acid is prepared from
rock phosphate
Metallic soap (e.g. aluminium or calcium salts of fatty acids) can be used
as a lubricant.
Which of the following processes does not produce Cl
Lime-soda process
Bleaching action of bleaching powder is due to its ____ properties.
oxidising
Solvent extracted oil
none of these.
Which of the following is not required in the manufacture of soda ash by Solvay process ?
Nitric acid
Saponification number of an oil or fat
all (a), (b) & (c).
The purpose of tanning in leather industry is to
stiffen the leather.
Lime and soda ash are added to water to remove
bicarbonates & sulphates of calcium and magnesium.
Kaoline is a/an
refractory material
Hydrogenation of edible vegetable oils
all (a), (b) and (c).
Phenol is mainly used
to produce phenol formaldehyde.
Main constituent of dolomite is
MgCO
Conversion of CO to CO
shift conversion.
Refractory bricks having high thermal conductivity is desirable, when it is to be used in the
recuperator
Bromides contained in hot mother liquor is treated with ____ during manufacture of bromine from sea water.
Cl
Plasticisers are added to paints to
give elasticity & prevent cracking of the film.
Resistance to fusion of the refractory under a steady rising temperature condition is called
refractoriness
Portland cement consists mainly of
CaO & SiO
____ glass has the lowest co-efficient of thermal expansion and hence is more heat resistant.
Pyrex
The amount of benzene present in pure benzol is about ____ percent.
70
Cumene (isopropyl benzene) is made by
propylene alkylation of benzene.
Which of the following is not a pyrite ore?
Siderite
Mannheim furnace is used in the manufacture of
hydrochloric acid.
Thermosetting materials
are cross-linked molecules.
Pick out the wrong statement. Iodine value of an oil or fat is
independent of the type of oil, whether it is drying or non-drying.
Nickel is not used as a catalyst in the
Ostwald’s process of HNO
____ iron is the purest form of iron.
Wrought
Enamels
give good glossy finish.
Black liquor is converted into white liquor by
evaporation and burning the concentrate followed by causticisation of products.
Varnish does not contain
pigment
Alcohol is produced by the
hydrolysis of an ether
Varnish does not contain
pigment
Polymerisation product of C
teflon
Solvent used for extraction of oil is
hexane
Insulin is an ____ drug.
none of these
Liquor poisoning generally occurs due to the presence of ____ in it.
methyl alcohol
Neoprene is chemically known as
polychloroprene
Pick out the wrong statement.
Contact process of sulphuric acid manufacture uses nickel as the catalyst.
Pick out the wrong statement.
Raw materials for DDT manufacture are benzene and chlorine.
Molecular weights of polymers are in the range of
10
Sulphur removal by heating of pyrite ore in presence of air is called its
roasting
Deacon’s method is used for the manufacture of
chlorine
Pick out the true statement pertaining to water treatment.
Normally, the turbidity is removed by adding a coagulent prior to sedimentation.
Laboratory glass wares which reacts with hydroflouric acid, are made of the ____ glass.
borosilicate
Prussian blue is chemically represented by
Fe
Transportation of 35% oleum during winter suffers from the problem of freezing, which can be overcome by the addition of small quantity of
nitric acid
The most stable allotropic form of phosphorous is the ____ phosphorous.
black
Function of thinner in a paint is to
suspend pigments & dissolve film forming materials.
Starting material for the production of styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) is
both (a) & (b)
Which one of the following is not an elastomer ?
None of these
Which of the following processes can remove both temporary as well as permanent hardness of water ?
Distillation
Dacron is a
none of these.
Rancidity of the fatty oil can be reduced by its
hydrogenation
Platinum catalyst used in the earlier days of sulphuric acid manufacture by contact process suffers from the drawback like
all (a), (b) and (c)
____ of rubber decreases after its vulcanisation.
Tackiness
Boiling of water containing temporary hardness produces
CO
Starting material for the commercial production of ethyl alcohol in India is
molasses
Phenol formaldehyde
employs condensation polymerisation.
Which of the following is not an insecticide?
Hexane
Shrinkage volume in cement setting does not depend upon the
sand to cement ratio.
Bisphenol A is produced by the condensation of acetone with
phenol
In Kraft process of paper manufacture, white cooking liquor consists of caustic soda
sodium sulphide & sodium carbonate.
Presence of carbonaceous matter in the sewage
all (a), (b) and (c).
A mineral is termed as ‘ore’, if
a metal can be economically extracted from it.
In the manufacture of H
all (a), (b) and (c).
At a given temperature, the equilibrium yield of SO
0
Oleum produces fumes of
SO
20% oleum means that in 100 kg oleum, there are 20 kg of
SO
Chloramines are used in water treatment for
disinfection and control of taste & odour.
Glycerine is recovered from lye by
evaporation followed by vacuum distillation.
Inversion of sucrose produces
glucose
Enzymes are organic catalysts used in the ____ reactions.
biochemical
Linde process of gas liquefaction employs
adiabatic expansion through a throttle valve (Joule-Thomson expansion).
Cellulose content of bamboo and ideal fibrous raw material for the manufacture of paper is ____ percent.
50
Ore concentration by froth floatation utilises the ____ of ore particles.
wetting characteristics
The main use of activated carbon in water treatment is to control
taste and odour
The most commonly used substance to speed up the sedimentation of sewage is
lime
Sucrose is a
disacchride
Sugar content in sugarcane on cane basis is about ____ percent by weight.
5 to 10
Pick out the wrong statement.
Total sugar content in molasses is about 10%.
The major use of butadiene is
in the manufacture of synthetic rubber.
The manufacture of Kraft pulp is done by a/an ____ process.
alkaline
Antibiotic
inhibits/destroys the growth of microorganisms.
Which of the following paper does not require a filler during manufacture ?
Blotting paper
Industrial production of chloroform requires acetone and
calcium hypochlorite
Pencillin, an antibiotic drug was discovered by
Alexender
Styrene (a monomer for the production of polystyrene) is commercially produced by
catalytic dehydrogenation of ethyl benzene.
Hydrogenation of oil takes place in a/an ____ reactor.
trickle bed
Fatty material used in soap making is
tallow
____ glass is used for the manufacture of optical glass.
Flint
Thermosetting plastic materials
can not be melted after forming.
Favourable conditions for the liquefaction of gases in general are
high pressure & low temperature.
In the manufacture of sulphuric acid from elemental sulphur, the following sequence of major operations is followed :
furnace → converter → absorber
____ nature of hypo (sodium thiosulphate) makes it useful in photography.
Complex forming
____ is an ore of lead.
Galena
Which of the following is an yellow pigment ?
Lead chromates
Catalytic oxidation of toluene produces
phenol
SO
act as an acidifying agent.
