September 23

Question 1

Anaerobic Respiration

Answer 1

Catabolic

e- acceptor other than oxygen

Possible e- aceptors: NO₃^-, Fe³⁺, SO₄^2-, CO₃^2-

Involves: e- transport, H⁺ motive force, ATPase

Less ATP than aerobic respiration

Question 2

Chemolithotrophy

Answer 2

Aerobic

Catabolic

Inorganic e- donor: H₂S, H₂, Fe₂₊, NH₃

Autotrophic

CO₂ carbon source

Question 3

Phototrophy

Answer 3

Use light to generate proton motive force which is used to drive ATP synthesis (Photophosphorylation)

Photoautotroph: use CO₂

Photoheterotroph: organic carbon source

Question 4

Define microbial growth

Answer 4

Increase in the number of cells

Question 5

Binary Fusion

Answer 5

Cell elongation to twice its original length

Form a partition (septum) that constricts the cell into two daughter cells

Question 6

Generation Time

Answer 6

the time needed for microbial population to double (varies between species)

Shorter for prokaryotes

Question 7

Lag phase

Answer 7

From inoculation to beginning of growth

Period of adjusting to a new environment

Question 8

Log Phase

Answer 8

Exponential growth

Cells are healthiest and most desireable state

Best time to stain

Best time to administer antibiotics (work on actively growing cells)

Question 9

Stationary phase

Answer 9

Waste products build up

Nutrients running low

No net increase or decrease in cell number (cryptic growth)

Population growth rate is zero

Question 10

Death Phase

Answer 10

Dying cells out number new cells (negative growth rate)

Cells either die or produce endospores

Question 11

Chemostat