16 - B Cells

Question 1

Gene segments involved in heavy chain reassortment

Answer 1

V D J

Question 2

Gene segments involved in light chain reassortment

Answer 2

V J (kappa or lambda)

Question 3

Enzyme that is involved in minigene recombination

Answer 3

RAG (recombination activation gene)

Question 4

4 main sources of antibody diversity

Answer 4

1) Junctional diversity
2) Combinatorial diversity
3) V region diversity
4) Somatic hypermutation

Question 5

Factor that contributes the most to BCR diversity

Answer 5

Junctional diversity

Question 6

Enzyme that increases junctional diversity

Answer 6

TdT (terminal deoxynucleotide transferase)

Question 7

Important enzyme in testing of pre-BCR

Answer 7

Bruton’s tyrosine kinase. Involved in signal transduction from binding of pre-BCR to ligand

Question 8

Important interleukin in lymphocyte development

Answer 8

IL-7 (inhibits lymphocyte apoptosis)

Question 9

What releases IL-7 in lymphocyte development?

Answer 9

Bone marrow stromal cells

Question 10

Early pro-B cell

Answer 10

DJ heavy chain rearrangement

Question 11

Late pro-B cell

Answer 11

V-DJ heavy chain rearrangement

Question 12

Large pre-B cell

Answer 12

Heavy chain VDJ rearranged.

Complex heavy chain with pseudo light chain to test if functional. BTK necessary for detection of binding.

Question 13

Small pre-B cell

Answer 13

V-J light chain rearrangement

Question 14

Immature B cell

Answer 14

IgM expressed on cell surface

Question 15

Mature B cell

Answer 15

IgM and IgD expressed on cell surface from differential splicing of heavy chain transcripts

Question 16

Cytokine that can lead to IgA isotype switching

Answer 16

TGF-b

Question 17

Cytokine that can lead to IgG isotype switching

Answer 17

IFNg

Question 18

Cytokine that can lead to IgE isotype switching

Answer 18

IL-4

Question 19

Isotypes best at neutralisation

Answer 19

IgG, IgA

Question 20

Isotypes best at opsonisation

Answer 20

IgG1>IgG3>IgG4, IgA

Question 21

Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity

Answer 21

IgG1, IgG3

Question 22

Antibody isotype best at stimulating degranulation

Answer 22

IgE

Question 23

Isotype best at C’ activation

Answer 23

IgM>IgG1, IgG3>IgG2, IgA

Question 24

Cells with FcgRI

Answer 24

Macrophages, neutrophils

Question 25

Cells with FcgRIIA

Answer 25

Macrophages, neutrophils

Question 26

FcgRI, FcgRIIA function

Answer 26

Phagocytosis activation

Question 27

FcgRIIB function

Answer 27

B-cell inhibition

Question 28

FcgRIIIA cells

Answer 28

NK cells

Question 29

FcgRIIIA function

Answer 29

NK cell ADCC

Question 30

FcgRIIIB cells

Answer 30

Neutrophils

Question 31

FcgRIIIB function

Answer 31

Phagocytosis

Question 32

FceRI function

Answer 32

Mast cell degranulation