Peds exam 1 - Toddlers

Question 1

weight

Answer 1

5-6 lbs/yr

Question 2

height

Answer 2

grows 5in/yr

Question 3

head circumference

Answer 3

2.5 cm growth during 2nd yr

Question 4

overall look of a toddler

Answer 4

pop-bellied, legs appear slightly bowed, lordosis, teeth coming in, flat feet

Question 5

when does a toddler walk w/o help

Answer 5

by 15 months

Question 6

what age can a toddler throw a ball

Answer 6

18 months
not refined

Question 7

when can a child go up the stair and how so

Answer 7

24 months while doing a monkey crawl, uses hands (not safe by self)
3yr is when it is 1 foot

Question 8

when should a child be able to pedal

Answer 8

3 years old

Question 9

how do toddlers express autonomy

Answer 9

saying mine and no, wanting to be in control of what they eat and dressing themselves

Question 10

what shape of peg can a 15 mo put into a board

Answer 10

a round peg
cannot do square bc corners

Question 11

how many cubes can a toddler stack at 15mo, 18mo, 24mo & 3yr

Answer 11

-2
-3 to 4
-6 to 7
-9

Question 12

when can a toddler copy a circle and a line

Answer 12

2 years old
draws a circle at 3

Question 13

when can a toddler hold a spoon and then hold a spoon well

Answer 13

15 mo -> 18 mo

Question 14

how many words can a toddler speak by 2 years of age

Answer 14

300 words (@1yr it was 5 words)
piaget! they can understand more than they can say which causes frustration & biting

Question 15

how many words can a toddler put together

Answer 15

2 words
ex: “no mom” “lets go”

Question 16

what causes a toddler stress

Answer 16

-separation from parents
-the dark
-loud noises
-certain people
-violence
-loss of security object

Question 17

signs of stress in a toddler

Answer 17

-negativism
-regress
-rigidity
-lack of sociability
-tantrums
-self centeredness
more than usual

Question 18

how do we prepare a child for an event

Answer 18

-tell the child about the event the number of days before as their age (3 yrs = 3 days before)
-if it is daycare, visit daycare first

Question 19

of a toddlers language, how much is understandable

Answer 19

~65% (by someone who is not always around them)
if not, need speech

Question 20

do toddlers share

Answer 20

no

Question 21

play in a toddler

Answer 21

-parallel play
-imitation play (dress up, dishes, cleaning, running, sand boxes)

Question 22

when should a child be potty trained

Answer 22

by age 3
sphincter control around 18 mo but child cannot understand, express or hold in the urge to go

Question 23

piaget sensiomotor: phase 2

Answer 23

tertiary circular reactions
-applies knowledge and experience to new situations (ex: learns how to turn on a light and then turns them all on)
-13 to 18 mo

Question 24

Piaget: egocentrism

Answer 24

-sees the world from their own eyes
-difficulty sharing

Question 25

Piaget: Pre-Operation phase

Answer 25

-egocentric speech (repeating over and over)
-concerned w/ why and how
-3 to 7 yr
-use symbols
-can think about objects that aren’t present
-“my teddy bear is cold, he needs a blanket”

Question 26

common concerns in toddlerhood

Answer 26

-sibling rivalry
-temper tantrums
-negativism

Question 27

is it ok for children to hold their breath

Answer 27

yes, eventually they will pass out and start breathing
not ok to hit their head against things