Peds Exam 1 - Preschoolers

Question 1

weight

Answer 1

ave wt gain is 5lbs/yr

Question 2

height

Answer 2

grows 2.5-3 in/yr

Question 3

teeth

Answer 3

all teeth are in, no new teeth developing
teeth correlate w/ puberty -> early teeth, early puberty

Question 4

general growth

Answer 4

-legs elongate rather than the trunk
-muscle develop
-bone growth not mature
-prone to injury
pot belly goes away

Question 5

what activities can a child do by age 3

Answer 5

-rides tricycle
-broad jump
-balance on tiptoe
-balances on foot for a few secs

Question 6

what activities can a child do by age 4

Answer 6

-skips & hops on 1 foot
-catches ball reliably

Question 7

what activities can a child do by age 5

Answer 7

-throws and catches ball well
-balances on alternate feet (bounce back & forth)
-begins to skate and swim
-increased strength & refinement

Question 8

fine motor skills for a 3 year old

Answer 8

-simply puzzles
-play dough
-copies & draws circles & cross
-stacks up to 9 cubes

Question 9

fine motor skills for a 4 year old

Answer 9

-copies crosses & squares
-prints some letters (reserve)
-use table utensils skillfully
-cuts on a line

Question 10

fine motor skills for a 5 year old

Answer 10

-hand preference (early is concerning)
-can grasp a pencil correctly
-lace up shoes (not tie)
-colors within lines
-cuts and pastes simple shapes

Question 11

what causes a 3-6yr stress

Answer 11

-separation
-super natural beings / ghosts / monsters
-noise
-“bad people”
-injury

Question 12

when does a child know their gender

Answer 12

3 years old
“girls shouldn’t do that” “this is for boys”

Question 13

associative play

Answer 13

group play in similar or identical activities but without rigid organization or rules

Question 14

cooperative play

Answer 14

imaginative & imitative play (imaginary friends are ok)
comes after associative play

Question 15

play

Answer 15

-need less instruction
-first time they prefer to play with kids their own age vs adult

Question 16

erikson: initiative vs guilt

Answer 16

-try everything and do everything for themselves (never shame their actions)
-might wish negatives things and believe their wishes could cause actual outcomes or that them being bad could cause illness

Question 17

punishment for a preschooler

Answer 17

-conscience is developing so verbal warning
-time out for number of minutes that they are years old
do not make them feel bad about it

Question 18

do preschoolers understand volume

Answer 18

no the water in 2 different size cups

Question 19

preschooler’s thinking

Answer 19

-appears to understand more than they actually do
-magical thinking

Question 20

how many words does a child have by age 5

Answer 20

more than 2100 words

Question 21

at age 3-4 years old, how many words can be put into a sentence

Answer 21

3 to 4 words that are very brief

Question 22

at age 4-5 years old, what part of language do children start using

Answer 22

adverbs, adjectives & more variety of verbs

Question 23

by age 5, how many parts of speech can a child use

Answer 23

all parts
loves being read to and can start to read based on amount read to

Question 24

how should we act towards a 5 year old in the hospital

Answer 24

be silly