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social studies 23-24 > revolutions > Flashcards

revolutions Flashcards

1
Q

revolution

A

An instrument of change promoting equality and combating oppression

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2
Q

types of revolutions

A

Politocal
Economical
Technological
Social

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3
Q

sci rev cause

A

Shift in mindset with Humanistic ideas and key inventions

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4
Q

heliocentric

A

Theory by Nicholas Copernicus placing the sun at the center

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5
Q

Orbital Theory

A

Theory by Johannes Kepler describing egg-shaped orbits

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6
Q

Galileo’s Discoveries

A

Revealed moon mountains, planetary details, and challenged Church beliefs

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7
Q

Scientific Method

A

Methodology for experimentation, developed by Francis Bacon

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8
Q

Three Branches of Government

A

Legislative, Judicial, and Executive branches, by Montesquieu

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9
Q

Natural Rights

A

Life, Liberty, and Property by John Locke

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10
Q

when did the French rev start

A

1789

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11
Q

3 estates

A

First: Clergy, Second: Nobility, Third: Peasants

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12
Q

tennis court oath

A

Pledge by Third Estate not to disband until a constitution was written in June 1789

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13
Q

Storming of Bastille

A

Marked start of French Revolution, symbol of Monarchy’s overthrow

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14
Q

Bastille day

A

July 14, 1789

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15
Q

Declaration of the Rights of Man

A

Inspired by English Bill of Rights, declares equality under law

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16
Q

Paris Commune

A

Radical commune leading to the National Convention

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17
Q

National Convention Parties

A

Girondins (conservative) and Jacobins (rebellious)

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18
Q

Robespierre

A

Jacobin leader during Reign of Terror, executed for violence

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19
Q

Execution of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette

A

Both executed by guillotine for treason

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20
Q

Reign of Terror

A

Period of revolutionary courts prosecuting opponents

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21
Q

The Directory

A

Government with Upper and Lower houses, later overthrown

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22
Q

Coup D’Etat

A

Sudden overthrow of government, as with the Directory

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23
Q

Napoleon Bonaparte

A

Leader of the Coup D’Etat, made domestic improvements

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24
Q

Napoleon’s Empire

A

Comprised French Empire, Dependent States, and Allied States

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25
Q

Battle of Waterloo

A

Napoleon’s defeat leading to exile, in Belgium

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26
Q

Napoleon’s Exile/Death

A

Exiled after Waterloo, died in 1821, possibly of stomach cancer

27
Q

Industrial Revolution Start

A

Began in Great Britain due to resources, money, and population rise

28
Q

Inventions Sparking Industrial Revolution

A

Spinning Jenny, Water Powered Loom

29
Q

Steam Power Inventors

A

*James Watt (perfected)

30
Q

Iron Works Peak Year

A

1852, with locomotive as influential invention by 1840

31
Q

telegraph inventors

A

William Cooke, Charles Wheatstone

32
Q

who made morse code

A

Samuel morse

33
Q

factory workers treatment

A

Poorly treated, low wages, long hours

34
Q

commercial capitalism

A

Trade-based economic system

35
Q

industrial cspitalism

A

industry based economic ssytem

36
Q

capitalists

A

Wealthy investors creating the middle class

37
Q

first Russian czar

A

ivan the 4th (terrible)

38
Q

Russian Time of Troubles Year

A

1598

39
Q

when did the Romanov Dynasty begin

A

1613

40
Q

Czar Nicolas II

A

Ruled during 1917, struggled with politics and economics

41
Q

Empress Alexandra

A

Wife of Nicolas II, granddaughter of Queen Victoria

42
Q

Rasputin

A

Monk and healer for Czar’s son, from Siberia

43
Q

Provisional Government in Russia

A

Temporary government during WWI, dissatisfied peasants and workers

44
Q

*Bolsheviks

A
  • Party reflecting Russian revolution discontent
  • A small faction of the Marxist Party called the Russian Social Democrats
45
Q

*Soviets

A

Russian councils of workers and soldiers

46
Q

*Vladimir Lenin

A

Bolshevik leader promising land redistribution and power transfer

47
Q

Russian civil war

A

Communist army vs. monarchy supporters, leading to royal family execution

48
Q

End of Russian Revolution

A

Communist regime established, opposition led to executions

49
Q

Communism in Russia

A

Centralized state under single-party rule

50
Q

what happened to the royal family in russia

A

-On July 16, 1918 member of the local soviet murdered the Czar and his entire family by shooting them point blank in the head

51
Q

End of the Russian Revolution

A

June 16, 1923

52
Q

*what 2 political groups came from the provisional gov

A

soviets and bulshavics

53
Q

how did they kill rasputin

A

they tried to poison him then shot him and threw him in the river

54
Q

*John Locke’s theory of rev

A

3 natural rights if therye threatened then revolt

55
Q

*czar means

A

ceasar

56
Q

*where people got info from before rev

A

Socrates aristotle

57
Q

*storming of basitle

A

July 14 1789

58
Q

how did they execute Romanov family

A

shot them point blnk

59
Q

*3 French gov

A

legislative assembly, national convention, directory

60
Q

*what did the 3rd estate want

A

the other estates to pay taxes and const gov

61
Q

The Directory two houses?

A
  • Council of elders (upper house)
    -Lower house
62
Q

What happened when Russia beat Japan and what was the resul

A

-After Russia’s defeat to Japan in Russo Japanese war Russia was ill prepared militarily for the total war of World War 1

63
Q

communists

A

bolsheviks

social studies 23-24 (15 decks)

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