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History- Civil War > 1649-1660 > Flashcards

1649-1660 Flashcards

(65 cards)

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1
Q

When did the Rump Parliament officially abolish the Monarchy?

A

17th March 1649

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2
Q

When did the Rump abolish the House of Lords?

A

19th March 1649

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3
Q

What word was used to describe England, rather then “republic”?

A

Commonwealth

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4
Q

What pamphlet did John Lilburne publish in criticism of the Rump Parliament?

A

“England’s New Chaines Discovered”
- 29th February 1649

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5
Q

How did Cromwell deal with the Levellers?

A

Arrested them on suspicion of treason and questioned them in front of the Council of State. Lilburne and Overton were imprisoned.

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6
Q

Name the two Army mutinies encouraged by the Levellers

A

. Mutiny at Mile End Green (April 1649)
. May Mutiny (May 1649)

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7
Q

How many people showed up for the funeral of Robert Lockyer?

A

4,000

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8
Q

How many cavalry regiments were involved in the May mutiny?

A

5

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9
Q

How did Cromwell respond to the mutiny in May?

A

On 13th May, Cromwell launched a night assault on the mutineers, 400 of whom he imprisoned in a church at Burford. The ringleaders were executed, hanged in the churchyard.

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10
Q

How did the Rump Parliament appease the army?

A

Paid their arrears through the sale of Crown Lands

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11
Q

When was the Second Ormond Agreement?

A

17th January 1649

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12
Q

How many men did Cromwell take to Ireland?

A

12,000

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13
Q

When was the Siege of Drogheda?

A

11th September 1649

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14
Q

When was the Siege on Wexford?

A

13th October 1649

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15
Q

How many people died at Drogheda?

A

Between 2,000- 4,000

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16
Q

When did Charles sign the Treaty of Breda?

A

1st May 1650

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17
Q

Who resigned as a result of the war with Scotland?

A

Fairfax- didn’t want to fight against his former allies

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18
Q

How large was the Scottish army?

A

22,000

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19
Q

At which battle did Cromwell launch a surprise attack on the Scottish?

A

Battle of Dunbar

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20
Q

How much did it cost for the English Army to occupy Scotland?

A

£13,500 a month

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21
Q

What legislations were passed by the Rump after the execution of the King?

A

. Blasphemy Act (1650)
. Oath of Engagement (1651)
. Act of Oblivion (1651)
. Navigation Act (1651)

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22
Q

How many MPs attended the Rump Parliament?

A

Usually only around 50-60 of 120

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23
Q

When was the Battle of Worcester?

A

3rd September 1651

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24
Q

When did the Anglo-Dutch war begin?

A

1652

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25
Which religious sect was fully established in 1652?
Quakers
26
When did Cromwell dissolve the Rump Parliament?
20th April 1653
27
How many people made up the Nominated Assembly?
140 men
28
How long did the Barebones Parliament sit for?
5 months
29
Name some legislation passed by the Nominated Assembly
. Reform of marriage law . Reform of debtor law . More humane treatment of the insane . Tougher penalties for highwaymen and thieves . Abolition of the Court of Chancery
30
How many members of the Nominated Assembly were from the gentry?
4/5
31
When was the Barebone's Parliament dissolved?
12th December 1653
32
When was Cromwell invested as Lord Protector?
16th December 1653
33
Who wrote the Instrument of Government?
Lambert
34
What were the terms of the Instrument of Government?
. A Lord Protector would hold executive power . Finance, appointments and the military to be managed by a Council of State of 21 members. . Parliament would contain only one chamber, be made up of 400 English and Welsh MPs and (for the first time) 30 each from Scotland and Ireland. . Elections would be held every 5 years. Parliament must sit for at least 5 months before it could be dissolved. . Freedom of worship was granted, excluding Catholics and the most extreme sects. . There was a property qualification to vote (£200 per annum), but it was low enough to include many of the middling sort.
35
What were Cromwell's aims for the Protectorate?
. Religious reformation . Healing and settling . Political stability
36
When did the First Protectorate Parliament sit?
September 1654- January 1655
37
Who lead the Commonswealthmen?
Sir Arthur Haselrig
38
When was Penruddock's Uprising?
March 1655
39
What was Penruddock's Uprising?
An attempted Royalist uprising in the North
40
What foreign Policy failure did England suffer in 1655?
The failure of the Western Design, resulting in War with Spain
41
How did the Major Generals experiment work?
England was now divided into 11 districts, each under the control of a Major General with 500 soldiers
42
Why were the Major Generals unpopular?
. Huge tax burden . Religiously zealous . Essentially ruled through martial law . Socially disruptive
43
When were the Major Generals abolished?
25th December 1656
44
Why were the Major Generals abolished?
Major General Desborough made a suggestion to make Decimation Tax permanent.
45
Who came up with the Humble Petition and Advice?
Cromwell's civilian councillors
46
Who strongly opposed the Humble Petition and Advice?
The Army
47
Who was a religious case used to test the religious toleration of the 2nd Protectorate Parliament?
James Naylor
48
What were the original terms of the Humble Petition and Advice?
. Cromwell to be King with the right to name his successor . A new definition of religious toleration . A national Church to be established with a widely acceptable confession of faith . Council of State to be made much smaller, like the old Privy Council . A new upper chamber of Parliament to be created, members nominated by Cromwell and Council . Parliament to control appointments of ministers . Parliament to control taxation . The army to be reduced in size, partly to reduce the tax burden
49
When did Cromwell originally reject the HPA?
13th April 1657
50
How was the HPA amended?
It removed reference to the crown, Cromwell then accepted it
51
When did Cromwell die?
3rd September 1658
52
Who succeeded Cromwell?
His son, Richard Cromwell
53
What was the main division in Richard's Third Protectorate Parliament?
Between the military and civilian factions
54
What was the name of the group that opposed Richard?
The Wallingford House Faction
55
Who headed the Wallingford House Faction?
Charles Fleetwood
56
Why did the army turn against Richard?
He allowed the Third Protectorate to discuss reducing the size of the army
57
When did the Rump Parliament re-open?
7th May 1659
58
Where was George Booth's rebellion defeated?
Battle of Winnington Bridge on 19th August 1659
59
What happened on the 12th October 1659?
Haselrig ordered for troublesome army officers to be expelled from Parliament
60
What happened on the 13th October 1659?
Lambert gathered troops and barred the entrance to Westminster, stopping MPs from entering
61
What was the name of the interim Government set up on the 27th October?
The Committee of Safety
62
When was the Long Parliament recalled?
21st February 1660
63
Where did Charles move his court to?
From Catholic Spain to the Protestant Dutch Republic
64
What was the name of the declaration which re-instated Charles as Monarch?
Declaration of Breda
65
When was Charles Stuart declared King?
8th May 1660

History- Civil War (6 decks)

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