Chapter 15.3 Flashcards

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0
Q

struggle for existence

A

when members of each species compete regularly to obtain food, living space, and other necessities of life

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1
Q

artificial selection

A

when humans select better animals for breeding

nature creates the variation, and humans select the useful variations

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2
Q

fitness

A

the ability of an individual to survive and reproduce in its specific environment

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3
Q

adaptation

A

any inherited characteristic that increases an organism’s chance of survival

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4
Q

survival of the fittest

A

individuals who are better suited to the environment, or have adaptations enabling fitness, survive and reproduce more successfully than others

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5
Q

natural selection

A

survival of the fittest, except that the traits selected contributed to an organisms’ fitness

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6
Q

descent with modification

A

each species descends with changes from other species over time

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7
Q

common descent

A

the common ancestor of all living things

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8
Q

homologous structures

A

structures that have different mature forms but develop from the same embryonic tissue

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9
Q

vestigial organs

A

small homologous organs resembling miniature tails, legs, or other structures

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