Abnormal

Question 0

What is the prevalence of autism?

Answer 0

Rutter; 5/10,000 have Kanner type autism and 20/10,000 people have autism spectrum disorder.

70% display it combined with mental retardation.

Gillberg; 4:1 male to female ratio.

Question 1

Islets of ability (idiots savant)

Answer 1

Autistic but have an extraordinary ability <1% of mentally handicapped population.
6% of the autistic population
And 50% of idiot savants have autism.

Question 2

6 psychological theories of autism.

Answer 2

1. Attachment Issues
2. Language Disorder
3. Affective Disorder
4. Weak Central Coherence
5. Executive Dysfunction
6. Theory of Mind

Question 3

Attachment

Answer 3

Bettleheim; result of refrigerator parents who are cold towards their children.
Cox demonstrated that it wasn’t due to social/environment stressors.

Question 4

Foistein and Rutter & Bailey…

Answer 4

90% concordance rates depending on the stringy criteria.

Question 5

Freitag & chromosomes

Answer 5

About 5% of autism cases could be accounted for by subtle chromosome changes.

Question 6

Thomas & duplication

Answer 6

Autism could be due to duplication of a small portion of chromosome 15.

Question 7

Chiantetti - X

Answer 7

Small error on chromosome X increases the risk of autism.

Question 8

Biological causes - Courchesne

Answer 8

Abnormal development of the cerebellum early in life

Question 9

Biological causes - Dawson

Answer 9

Reduced left hemisphere function

Question 10

Biological causes - Omits EEG

Answer 10

Abnormal EEG in 50/80% of autistic people.

Question 11

Biological causes - Bauman

Answer 11

Damage to the limbic system (Amygdala/hippocampus)

Question 12

Biological causes - Levy & Gould (Seratonin)

Answer 12

Levy; it’s due to Seratonin dysfunction.

Gould; when injected with Seratonin mice became more social.

Question 13

What did limperophrus find in relation to cerebellum heammorage injury?

Answer 13

More likely than controls to develop autism if they have cerebellar heammorage injury.