1.7 Urbanisation Flashcards
Urban Growth in Rural Areas
Many rural areas seek & experience rapid urban growth
for several reasons:
(name atleast 3)
- Better transport links e.g. road, rail, river
- Better trading prospects
- Nearby natural resources e.g. fuel
- Better job prospects
- Better schools and hospitals
- Better supply of electricity, gas and water
- Varied entertainment
Rural Urban Migration:
- Movement of people from countryside towards cities
- Rural-urban migration is main cause of urbanisation
- It is caused by several push & pull factors:
Urban def:
An urban area is the region surrounding a city. Most inhabitants of urban areas have nonagricultural jobs. Urban areas are very developed, meaning there is a density of human structures such as houses, commercial buildings, roads, bridges, and railways. “Urban area” can refer to towns, cities, and suburbs.
Rural def:
A rural area is an open swath of land that has few homes or other buildings, and not very many people. A rural areas population density is very low. Many people live in a city, or urban area. Their homes and businesses are located very close to one another.
Push factors from Rural areas:
name 5
- No/poorly paid jobs
- Mechanisation
- Agricultural products have low prices
- Poor schools/healthcare
- Lack of entertainment
- Poor housing quality
- Drought/famine
- Shortage of resources
- Poor transport/comms.
Pull factors from Urban areas:
name 5
- More jobs
- Good schools/healthcare
- Good transport/comms.
- Reliable supply of resources
- Better entertainment
- Better quality & quantity of houses
Reducing negative impacts of urbanisation:
- Greenbelts
- Greenfield sites
- Brownfield sites
- Urban wedges
- Housing density
Greenbelts:
area of land around urban areas that is protected from development
Greenfield sites:
sites that are barred from being built on by government policies
Advantages and Disadvantages
for Greenbelts and Greenfield sites:
ADV:
- Land never used – not polluted
- Often near rural-urban fringe so good transport
links
- Less congestion Room to expand
DIS:
- Conflicts with other land users
- The government now protects many sites
- Public protests for building on greenfield site
Brownfield Sites:
increasing building on brownfield sites allows less pressure to be put on rural areas
Advantages and Disadvantages
Brownfield Sites:
ADV:
- Often cheap to buy
- Near the CBD
- Closer to transport routes
DIS:
- Site polluted – expensive to clean
- No room to expand
- May not be in desirable shape or location
Urban Wedges:
urban growth allowed to take place in
wedges ensuring some green areas protected
throughout city
Housing density:
increasing housing density means less land will be destroyed
Squatter Settlement:
a rural residential area which has developed without legal claims or permission to build on the land
