Introduction Flashcards
What is the early work on genes is termed
Transmission genetics
Define molecular biology (2ways)
A hybrid discipline that combines elements of genetics and biochemistry
The study of the gene structure and function at the molecular level
What is transmission genetics?
Deals with the transmission of traits from organisms to their offspring
What eight topics is included in the study of molecular biology?
DNA structure and function
RNA structure and function
DNA replication
Transcription and translation mechanisms
Gene structure, function, and control of expression
Gene cloning
Genomics
Proteomics
Bioinformatics
What did Gregor Mendel conclude?
That inheritance was “particulate” meaning that each parent contributed genes to the offspring
What are genes?
Genetic units
Who were major contributed to transmission genetics and in what year?
Gregor Mendel in 1865
Thomas Hunt Morgan in 1910
What thought did Mendel disprove?
That inheritance was a “blending” of parental traits to the offspring
What did Mendel predict?
That gametes would contain only one allele of each gene instead of two
What was rediscovered by Morgan that provided evidence that Mendel was correct?
If chromosomes carry the genes, then chromosome number should be reduced by half in the gametes
This is true!
What is the chromosome theory of inheritance?
The idea that chromosomes carry genes
What did Morgan demonstrate?
That eye color in fruit-flies was sex-linked
What does sex-linked mean?
Eye-color was transmitted along with the sex of the offspring
What is a locus and where?
The place where the gene is located on the chromosome
