18. Abnormal content in the pericardium; circulatory disturbances and pericarditis

Question 1

Abnormal content in pericardium

Answer 1

Effusion
Solid
Gases

Question 2

Effusions in pericardium

Answer 2

Transudate: hydropericardium
Blood: hemopericardium
Exudates: pericarditis

Question 3

Solid material in pericardium

Answer 3

Fibrin (subacute fibrinous pericarditis)
Blood clots
Urate deposit (gout)

Question 4

Gases in pericardium

Answer 4

Air (perforation)
Ichorus pericarditis (bact producing gases)
Traumatic rticuloperitonitis

Question 5

Circulatory disturbances

Answer 5

Epicardial hemorrhages

Question 6

common site for Epicardial hemorrhages

Answer 6

fat of coronary groove

Question 7

names of different Epicardial hemorrhages

Answer 7

petechia
echhymoses
suffusive hemorrhages

Question 8

size of petechia

Answer 8

< 2mm

Question 9

size of ecchymoses

Answer 9

<1cm

Question 10

size of suffusive hemorrhages

Answer 10

.> 1cm

Question 11

causes of epicardial hemorrhages

Answer 11

• septicemia
• endotoxemia
• electrocution
• anoxia (suffocation)

Question 12

causes of hydropericardium

Answer 12

• hypoproteinemia (decrease colloid oncotic pressure)
• heart failure (increase hydrostatic pressure)
• vascular injury
• ## mulberry heart disease

Question 13

what is mulberry heart disease

Answer 13

dietary micro angiopathy

Vit E & selenium def in growing pigs

Question 14

mulberry heart disease pathogenesis

Answer 14

myocardial degeneration
cardiac failure
G edema
hydropericardium

Question 15

apart from hydropericardium what can be observe in mulberry heart disease

Answer 15

fibrinoid necrosis & thrombosis of small vessels ==> small hemorrhages

mostly on right atrium

Question 16

hemopericardium

Answer 16

• trauma
• rupture of wall of right atrium
• rupture of intrapericardial great vessels (Eq)
• iatrogenic (injection)

consequence : cardiac tamponade

Question 17

fibrinous pericarditis

Answer 17

hematogenous spread of specific organism

actinobacillus, streptococcus, mycoplasma

Question 18

purulent pericarditis

Answer 18

traumatic reticuloperitonitis or hardware disease in cattle

foreign body accumulate in reticulum, penetrate & introduce bacteria

Question 19

constrictive pericarditis

Answer 19

extensive fibrous proliferation, leads to constriction of hear with 1 thick rigid capsule restricting diastolic filling of heart