1.8 Genomic Sequencing Flashcards
Describe what ‘Genomic Sequencing’ is
Genomic sequencing is when the entire sequence of nucleotide bases is determined for an individual genes and/or the genome
What is ‘Bioinformatics’?
The comparison of sequence data using computer and statistical analysis
What type of graph is used to compare evolutionary relatedness of organisms?
Molecular clock graph
What is ‘Phylogenetics’ ?
The use of sequence data to study evolutionary relatedness
What are the three domains of life?
Prokaryotes, Archaea and Eukaryotes
State what has been revealed by the comparison of genomes of different species
Some genes are highly conserved
Order the three domains of life in order of divergence
Prokaryotes, Archaea, Eukaryotes
What evidence is used to support the theory of the evolution of life?
Sequence Data + Fossil Evidence
Describe the main order of the evolution of life
Prokaryotes Last Universal Ancestor Photosynthetic organisms Eukaryotes Multicellular organisms Animals Vertebrates Land animals
Describe ‘Personal Genomics’
The sequencing of nucleotide bases for the genome of an individual
Give an advantage of personalised medicine
Tailored to genetic information so increased chance of successful treatment
Describe ‘Personalised Medicine’
When an individual’s personal genome sequence can be used to select the most effective drugs and dosage to treat their disease
Describe ‘Pharmacogenetics’
The use of genome information in the choice of drugs
Give examples of genomes that have been sequenced
-Pest species
-Model Organisms
(both sequenced for research)
Describe a Molecular Clock
they are used to show when species diverged during evolution
