1.8 Genomic Sequencing Flashcards
What can the sequence of nucleotides determine?
Individual genes and entire genomes
How do computer programs identify base sequences?
By looking for sequences similar to known genes
What is bioinformatics and what is it’s use?
Computer and statistical analyses and it’s used to compare sequence data
What does the comparison of genomes reveal?
That many genes are highly conserved across different organisms
In particular, what kind of genomes have been sequenced?
Disease-causing organisms, pest species and species that are important model organisms for research
What is used to determine the main sequence of events in evolution?
Evidence from phylogenetics and molecular clocks. The sequence of events can be determined using sequence data and fossil evidence
What is phylogenetics?
The study of evolutionary history and relationships
What is sequence data (1) and sequence divergence (2) used to study?
- The evolutionary relatedness among groups of organisms. 2. To estimate time since lineages diverged
What are the three domains of life?
Bacteria, Archea and Eukaryotes (BAE)
What are molecular clocks?
Used to show when species diverged in evolution. They assume a constant mutation rate and show differences in DNA sequences or amino acid sequences. Therefore, differences in sequence data between species indicate the time of divergence from a common ancestor
What can an individuals genome be analysed to predict?
The likelihood of developing certain diseases
What is pharmacognetics?
The use of genome information in the choice of drugs
What does personalised medicine mean?
An individuals genome sequence can be used to select the most effective drugs and dosage to treat their disease
