1.8 Structures Flashcards
Types of different Structures [Amount] (10)
Flat, Tall, Entrepreneurial, Matrix, Centralised, Decentralised, De-layering, Span of control, Downsizing,Groupings(Functional&Product/Service)/customer/place,Terr,geo/Technology)
FLAT- (DES/ADV4/DIS4)
Few levels of management, short command chain. Managers wide span of control/responsibility of employees. INFO QUICKLY FLOW, GATHER INFO LESS TIME, MORE OPP FOR PROMOTIONS, MORE SUPPORT FROM MAN.// LESS CONTROL, MAKES EASIER TO MAKE=HARD IDENTIFIY, MORE EXPENSIVE, LONG COMMUNICATION CHAIN.
TALL- DES(ADV4/DIS4)
Many layers, long chain of command, from top/bottom, Man narrow span control. GOOD CONTROL AND SUPERVISION, DEFINE ROLES= CARRYING IT OUT, EACH STAFF HAVE SUPERVISION, STAFF BECOME EXPERTS IN POSTION.// DECISON TAKE LONG TIME TO MAKE, COMMUNICATION SLOW, DIFFICULTY RESPONDING TO CUSTOMER REQUEST, INABILITY TO CHANGE.
ENTREPRENEURIAL - DES(ADV4/DIS4)
1 or 2 main (owner/Managers) decision makers, small businesses, relies on expert decision makers. DECISIONS MADE QUICK, BENEFIT OF BUSNIESS, STAFF KNOW WHO ACCOUNTABLE TO, MAKERS EXPERIENCED.// IF MAKER UNAVAILABLE=NO DECISION, HEAVY WORKLOAD, STAFF UNMOTIVATED, NO INITATIVE FROM STAFF.
MATRIX- DES(ADV4/DIS4)
Large projects, team formed for all departments, each have own skill and expertise’s, responsible for own. RANGE OF SKILLS AND EXPERIENCE, MORE INDIVIDUALTY FREEDOM, CAN LEARN FROM OTHERS, COMPLEX PROBLEMS SOLVED QUICKLY.// EMPLOYEES HAVE TO REPORT TO 2, CONFUSION AND CONLIFCT, COST TO SET UP AND MANAGE.
CENTRALISED - DES(ADV4/DIS4)
One key to make decisions=complete control. ECONOMEY SCALE, EASILY TO PROMOTE IMAGE, DECISON MADE BY SENIORS, LEADERSHIP STRONG.// STIFILES STAFF CREATIVITY, DEMOTIVATED, NOT PREPARED STAFF FOR PROMTION, DIFFCULT REALTE DECISIONS FOR LOCAL CONDITIONS.
DECENTRALISED - DES(ADV4/DIS4)
middle and lower managers given responsibility/decisions=local decisions, delegate authority. DECISION QUICK, RESPONSIVE CHANGE, CLOSER TO CUSTOMERS, ALLOW KEY MAN TO FOCUS ON OTHER THINGS.// CONTROL OVERALL LOST, INEXPERIENCE=BAD DECISIONS, SUPERVISION REQUIRED, HIGHER SALRIES TO BE PAID.
DELAYERING DES(CONSEQUENCES- 6)
Removes level management/supervision. EACH MAN HAS WIDER CONTROL, BETTER COMMUNICATION, DECISIONS QUICKER, EMPOWERS STAFF, RESPONSIVE TO CHANGE, REDUCE SALARY COSTS.
SPAN OF CONTROL DES(ADV4/DIS4)
Number of people manager or supervisor working directly for production line. Bigger span=less supervision can take place Have own level. ALLOW DELEGATION, MOTIVATE MANAGERS GREATER POWER, STAFF EMPOWERED, SAVE SALRIES MONEY.//MANAGERS UNDER PRESSURE, WORKER RARE MEET LINE MANAGERS, MANAGERS LESS TIME PLAN, RESULT POOR DECISONS.
DOWNSIZING DES(AD4V/DIS4)
Reducing operation costs=reduce scale, remove ecsess,reduce source,core. Closes or merges. REDUCE COSTS, STAFF FEEL IMPORT, STAFF GREATER POWER, INCREASE STAKEHOLDERS CONFIDENCE.// REDUNDANCY COSTS, LESS KNOWLEDGE STAFF, STAFF UNCERTIAN, BAD PUBLICITY.
Factors affecting structure
STPMF= SIZE, TECHNOLOGY, PRODUCT, MARKET, STAFF/SKILLS, FINANCE. SIZE=Grows harder to control. TECH=New tech. PRODUCT=Small number large customers=matrix/flat. MARKET=Small/local=orag will be small. STAFF=High skilled=less formal structure. FINANCE AVAILABLE=Additional managers costs.
GROUPINGS- FUNCTIONAL (ADV4/DIS4)
Two functional areas. Structure with a board of directors overseeing a chief executive managing different departments. STAFF EXPERTS FEILD, GOOD COMMUNICATION, DECISION MAKING BETTER, ALLOWS SPECIALISATION.// STAFF LOYAL TO DEPARTMENT, COMM BARRIERS, DECISIONS TAKE LONG, PROBS CANT BE SOLVED BY 1 DEPARTMENT.
PRODUCT/SERVICE DES(ADV4/3)
Activities grouped together from products/service provided. smaller departments with own functional staff. EACH MEMBER SPECIFIC KNOWLDGE, EASY TO SEE AREAS DOING WELL, REPSONSIVE TO CHANGE, SELF CONTAINED UNIT.// DEVISIONS COMPETING, DIFFICULT TO SHARE, DUBLICATION OF RESOURCES,.
CUSTOMER DES(ADV4/DIS4)
Individual needs of customers important, close contact with them. Divides operations by type of customer. CUSTOMER LOYALTY, SERIVCES TAILORED, RESPONSE FAST, RESPONISVE TO CHANGE.// TIME CONSUMNG, STAFFING COSTS, COMPETITON BETWEEN GROUPS, DUOBLICATION OF RESOURCES.
PLACE/TERRITORY/GEOGRAPHIC DES(ADV4/DIS4)
Customers spread wide area, multinationals. Regional managers. AMERICA/ASIA AFRICA/EUROPE. CUSTOMER LOYALTY, RESPONSIVE TO NEEDS, LOCAL OFFCIES OVERCOME PROBLEMS LANGUAGE, LOCAL OFFICE LOCAL KNOWLEDGE.// ADMIN TIME CONSUMING, IF STAFF CHANGE PERSONAL CONTACT LOST, DUPLICATION, EXPENSIVE COSTS ADMIN.
