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Y-HSC 111 > chapter 4/5 > Flashcards

chapter 4/5 Flashcards

to gain memory skills to retain the chapter knowledge

1
Q

Histology would be best defined as the study of

A

tissues

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2
Q

The heart lies in what cavity

A

Pericardial

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3
Q

The red blood cell placed in pure Water would

A

swell and burst

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4
Q

Homeostasis is the condition in which the body maintains

A

A relatively stable internal environment, within limits

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5
Q

What is an example of negative feedback mechanism

A

something that would work to prevent sudden severe changes within the body

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6
Q

Crenation is likely to occur in blood cells in this solution

A

A hypertonic solution

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7
Q

Which transport process is the main mechanism for the movement of most macromolecules by body cells

A

Receptor mediated endocytosis

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8
Q

True or false, the serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity wall is called visceral peritoneum

A

False.

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9
Q

what to macrophages do

A

phagocytosis

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10
Q

Type of junction holding Keratinocytes together

A

desmosome

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11
Q

What membrane lines cavities that open to the outside

A

Mucous

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12
Q

What type of tissue is found in epiglottis

A

Elastic cartilage

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13
Q

What is the name of the cavities in cartilage where chondrocytes are found

A

lacunae

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14
Q

Sebaceous glands use this mode of secretion

A

holocrine

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15
Q

What is the kind of tissue found in tendons

A

Densse regular connective tissue

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16
Q

What is the tough protein found in the outer layers of epidermis

A

Keratin

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17
Q

What is the study of the microscopic structure of tissues

A

histology

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18
Q

Organ covering the body

A

integument

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19
Q

Lining of the bronchi

A

Pseudostratified Columnar

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20
Q

Stretchy yellow fibers

A

elastic

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21
Q

What is the first response to tissue damage

A

Inflammation

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22
Q

What do you call fat storage cells

A

adipocytes

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23
Q

What type of membrane lines closed body cavities

A

serous

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24
Q

What organ is lined with transitional epithelium

A

Urinary bladder

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25
Q

The type of loose connective tissue found around organs

A

areolar

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26
Q

The type of muscle that makes hairs stand on end

A

Arrector Pili

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27
Q

What is the cartilage containing invisible fibers it’s also the most common type

A

Hyaline

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28
Q

what Is the color of collagen fibers

A

White

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29
Q

What is glandular epithelia

A

The secretory tissue in glands. for example, goblet cells and gastric glands

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30
Q

What are the three shapes of cells

A

Squamous, cuboidal and columnar

31
Q

What does avascular but innervated mean

A

Avascular has no direct blood supply, innovated does have no supply

32
Q

Name the two types of layers of epithelia and describe structure

A

Simple epithelium has single layer of cells, stratified epithelium has two or more layers of cells

33
Q

Name the five common characteristics of epithelium

A

Polarity, closely packed cells, supported by a connective tissue under the basal lamina, avascular but innovated high rate of lead generation

34
Q

location and function of simple Squamous epithelium

A

Aveoli of lungs, lining of cavities and vessels. function of diffusion filtration

35
Q

The function and location of transitional epithelia

A

It can be found in the urinary bladder and it stretches or shrinks and adjusts to the volume of fluid

36
Q

What kind of epithelia is found in the esophagus mouth and vagina and functions as protection and resists wear and tear

A

Stratified squamous epithelia

37
Q

What are the two main types of glandular epithelia

A

Endocrine glands and exocrine glands.

38
Q

What is the name of the only important unicellular gland

A

goblet cell

39
Q

What are the two modes of a secretion by exocrine glands

A

merocrine, secreted by exocytosis. And holocrine, released by rupture of cells.

40
Q

True or false connective tissue is the most abundant and widely distributed tissue type

A

True

41
Q

What are the four classes of connective tissue

A

Connective tissue proper, cartilage, bone, blood

42
Q

What are the major functions of connective tissue

A

Binding, support, protection, insulation, transportation

43
Q

What is mesenchyme

A

It is the first connective tissue formed as part of an embryo

44
Q

What is the ground substance of connective tissue

A

It’s a matrix that fills the space between cells with interstitial fluid, adhesion proteins (or CAMS-cell adhesion molecules) and proteoglycans which store water

45
Q

What are the three types of fibers embedded in the matrix/ground substance

A

Collegan (white fibers), elastic (yellow fibers), reticular (fine collagen fibers)

46
Q

What are the two major classes of connective tissue cells (chondro___)

A

BLASTS are immature mitopially active, and CYTES are mature cells which maintain the matrix

47
Q

What do white blood cells and macrophages do

A

They are cells involved in defense and they move along the fibers looking for things

48
Q

What is a fat storage cell

A

Adipose

49
Q

Name location and function of areolar connective tissue

A

Around the capillaries and mucous membranes it binds tissues together and protects organs

50
Q

Name location and function of adipose connective tissue proper

A

It’s under the skin, around the kidneys, and eyeballs, within abdomen, and breasts and functions as energy storage, insulation, and shock absorber

51
Q

Name the location and function of reticular connective tissue

A

In the lymphoid organs and spleen, it provides supporting framework

52
Q

Name the two types of exocrine secretion

A

Merocrine and Holocrine

53
Q

What is merocrine

A

Products are secreted by exocytosis

54
Q

What is Holocrine

A

Product accumulates in apical cells and is released by the rupture of cells

55
Q

Name the three types of loose connective tissue

A

Areolar, adipose, reticular

56
Q

Name the three types of dense connective tissue

A

Dense regular, dense irregular, and dense elastic

57
Q

Name the three types of cartilage

A

Hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage

58
Q

Location and function of areolar or connective tissue

A

It packages organs around capillaries. functions to find tissue together and protect organs

59
Q

What type of Cartilage supports and reinforces and resists compression

A

Hyaline - nose, trachea, larynx, costal cartilages

60
Q

location and function of adipose connective tissue

A

It’s under the skin and around kidneys and eyeballs. it functions for energy storage, insulation and shock absorption

61
Q

What is reticular connective tissue

A

It’s a loose connective tissue that provides the supporting framework for the lymphoid organs and spleen

62
Q

Tendons and ligaments are made of this type of tissue

A

Dense regular connective tissue

63
Q

Where would you find elastic cartilage

A

external ear, epiglottis

64
Q

Where would you find fibrocartilage

A

Intervertebral discs

65
Q

What does fibrocartilage do

A

It has tensile strength with the ability to absorb compressive shock

66
Q

What are the three types of epithelial membranes

A 
Cutaneous membrane (skin)
mucous membranes (mucosae) open to the exterior
Serous membranes (serosae) line closed cavities and cover internal organs
67
Q

Name the two layers of serous membranes

A

Parietal serosae line internal body walls

Visceral serosae cover internal organs

68
Q

What does a visceral serosae do

A

It covers internal organs

69
Q

What does Perietal serosae do

A

Lines internal body walls

70
Q

What is fibrosis tissue

A

Repaired tissue is replaced by a fibrous connective tissue (scar)

71
Q

Name the steps in tissue repair

A

Inflammation,
organization and restored blood supply
regeneration and fibrosis

72
Q

Name the three fetal tissues that form during early embryonic development

A

Ectoderm
Mesoderm
Endoderm

73
Q

What are the three major regions of skin

A

Epidermis
dermis
hypodermis

74
Q

What is the tissue type of the epidermis

A

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Y-HSC 111 (9 decks)

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