glomerular injury Flashcards
what are 3 ways an in situ antigen antibody interaction may develop glomerular injury
- glomerular antigen attacked by immune system
- basement membrane antigen attacked by immune system
- exogenous planted antigen that landed on kidney (either virus or kidney)
what type of antibody can damgage by glomerular cell by settling on epithelial cell surface?
Iga
noncomplement-fixing antibody
(IgA necropathy)
what is the membrane attack complex (MAC)
a complement system that is activated and acts as a pour into the kidney
inflammatory lesions in the kidney leading to damage involves infiltration of what cells?
neutrophils
monocytes/ macrophages
platelets
overgrowth of what cells can cause glomerular basement damage?
glomerular mesangial cell overgrowth
what antibody is considered noncomlimentory
Iga
damaged podocytes can lead to what?
loss of normal slit penetration leading to loss of albumin and immunoglobins
proteinuria
nephrotic syndrome is characterized by what?
lots of protein loss, no inflammatory injury. Few cells and casts in the urine
nephritic syndrome is characterized by what?
glomerular inflammation resulting in hematuria, white cells and granular casts in the urine
minimal change nephropathy is a feature of what?
nephrotic syndrome
what occurs when red blood cells leak through openings of the GBM?
hematuria
what is normal range of protein loss in urine
40-80 mg/ day
what are 5 characteristics of nephritic syndrome
- patients typically not too distressed
- hematuria
- hypertension
- white cells in urine (pus)
- casts in urine (cellular and granular)
what is the typical amount of proteinuria in nephritic syndrome?
less than 3 grams per day
what is the typical proteinuria in nephrotic syndrome
more than 3.5 grams/day
